Forage Production and Grassland Systems, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046, Zürich, Switzerland; Molecular Ecology, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046, Zürich, Switzerland.
Molecular Ecology, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046, Zürich, Switzerland.
Environ Res. 2022 Nov;214(Pt 3):113915. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113915. Epub 2022 Aug 6.
Many studies in soil microbial ecology are undertaken with a single sampling event, with the influence of temporal progression rarely being considered. Under field conditions, soil samples were taken from different agricultural systems; a sown grassland to maize rotation (MC), an intensively managed permanent grassland (INT), as well as extensively managed permanent grasslands with high (EXT_HP), low to sufficient (EXT_LP) and deficient available P (EXT_DP), six times throughout the 2017 growing season. Thus, this study aimed to determine if any differences in soil microbiome structures between both sharply contrasting (MC - INT - EXT), slightly differing (EXT_HP - EXT_DP) and quite similar (EXT_HP - EXT_LP and EXT_LP - EXT_DP) agricultural systems persist through changing growth conditions within the growing season. For both fungal and bacterial community structure, the influence of agricultural system (CV = 0.256, P < 0.001 and CV = 0.145, P < 0.01, respectively) was much greater than that of temporal progression (√CV = 0.065 and 0.042, respectively, both P < 0.001). Importantly, nearly all agricultural systems persistently harbored significantly distinct fungal community structures across each of the six sampling events (all at least P < 0.05). There were not as many pairwise differences in bacterial community structure between the agricultural systems, but some did persist (MC and EXT_HP ∼ EXT_DP, all P < 0.001). Additionally, persistent indicator fungal OTUs (IndVal >0.7, P ≤ 0.05) associated to each agricultural system (except EXT_LP) were found in each of the six sampling events. These results highlight the temporal stability of pairwise differences in soil microbiome structures between established agricultural systems through changing plant growth conditions, even between those with a comparable management regime. This is a highly relevant finding in informing the sampling strategy of studies in soil microbial ecology as well as for designing efficient soil biodiversity monitoring systems.
许多土壤微生物生态学研究都是在单个采样事件中进行的，很少考虑时间进展的影响。在田间条件下，从不同的农业系统中采集土壤样本；一个播种的草原到玉米轮作（MC），一个集约化管理的永久草原（INT），以及高（EXT_HP）、低到充足（EXT_LP）和缺乏有效磷（EXT_DP）的广泛管理的永久草原，在 2017 年生长季节共采集了六次。因此，本研究旨在确定在生长季节内不断变化的生长条件下，两种截然不同的农业系统（MC-INT-EXT）、略有差异的农业系统（EXT_HP-EXT_DP）和非常相似的农业系统（EXT_HP-EXT_LP 和 EXT_LP-EXT_DP）之间的土壤微生物组结构是否存在任何差异。对于真菌和细菌群落结构，农业系统的影响（CV=0.256，P<0.001 和 CV=0.145，P<0.01）远大于时间进展的影响（√CV=0.065 和 0.042，均 P<0.001）。重要的是，几乎所有的农业系统在六个采样事件中的每个事件中都持续存在显著不同的真菌群落结构（均至少 P<0.05）。农业系统之间细菌群落结构的成对差异并不多，但有些差异确实存在（MC 和 EXT_HP~EXT_DP，均 P<0.001）。此外，在每个采样事件中都发现了与每个农业系统（除 EXT_LP 外）相关的持久指示真菌 OTU（IndVal>0.7，P≤0.05）。这些结果突出了在不断变化的植物生长条件下，建立的农业系统之间土壤微生物组结构的成对差异的时间稳定性，即使在管理方式相似的系统之间也是如此。这一发现对于指导土壤微生物生态学研究的采样策略以及设计有效的土壤生物多样性监测系统具有重要意义。
