Robertson D G, Fleming D
Can J Sport Sci. 1987 Mar;12(1):19-23.
The purpose of this study was to determine the contributions made by the leg muscle groups to the external mechanical work done in standing broad and vertical jumping. Six subjects were filmed jumping from a force platform. Linked-segment analysis and inverse dynamics methods were used to compute the muscle moments of force and power and work output created by these moments of force. Results support the principle that all three extensor moments of force summate in both types of jumping but that the sequence of contractions was not from proximal muscles to distal as is stated by the continuity principle. Instead all three extensor moments act simultaneously to produce leg extension. The contributions made by the three muscle groups were not the same for the two types of jumps. For the propulsive phase of the standing broad jump the contributions of the hip, knee, and ankle muscles were 45.9%, 3.9%, and 50.2%, respectively, whereas, for the vertical jump the contributions were 40.0%, 24.2%, and 35.8%, respectively. These results indicate that broad jumping utilizes the muscle groups differently than vertical jumping and show the importance of the hip and ankle musculature in the production of external work in jumping.
本研究的目的是确定腿部肌肉群在立定跳远和垂直跳中对外界机械功的贡献。对6名受试者从测力平台上起跳的过程进行了拍摄。采用环节连接分析和逆动力学方法计算肌肉力矩、功率以及由这些力矩产生的功输出。结果支持这样一个原则，即在两种类型的跳跃中，所有三个伸肌力矩都会相加，但收缩顺序并非如连续性原则所述的从近端肌肉到远端肌肉。相反，所有三个伸肌力矩同时起作用以产生腿部伸展。对于两种类型的跳跃，三个肌肉群的贡献并不相同。在立定跳远的推进阶段，髋部、膝部和踝部肌肉的贡献分别为45.9%、3.9%和50.2%，而在垂直跳中，贡献分别为40.0%、24.2%和35.8%。这些结果表明，跳远与垂直跳对肌肉群的利用方式不同，并且显示了髋部和踝部肌肉组织在跳跃中产生对外功方面的重要性。
