Seal Adam D, Colburn Abigail T, Johnson Evan C, Péronnet François, Jansen Lisa T, Adams J D, Bardis Costas N, Guelinckx Isabelle, Perrier Erica T, Kavouras Stavros A
Department of Kinesiology and Public Health, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA.
Hydration Science Lab, Arizona State University, College of Health Solutions, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Eur J Nutr. 2023 Feb;62(1):221-226. doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-02972-2. Epub 2022 Aug 9.
Recent studies suggest that 24-h urine osmolality (UOsm) for optimal water intake should be maintained < 500 mmol·kg. The purpose of this study was to determine the total water intake (TWI) requirement for healthy adults to maintain optimal hydration as indicated by 24-h urine osmolality < 500 mmol·kg.
Twenty-four-hour UOsm was assessed in 49 men and 50 women residing in the United States (age: 41 ± 14 y, body mass index: 26.3 ± 5.2 kg·m). TWI was assessed from 7-day water turnover, using a dilution of deuterium oxide, corrected for metabolic water production. The diagnostic accuracy of TWI to identify UOsm < 500 mmol·kg was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis in men and women separately.
Twenty-four-hour UOsm was 482 ± 229 and 346 ± 182 mmol·kg and TWI was 3.57 ± 1.10 L·d and 3.20 ± 1.27 L·d in men and women, respectively. ROC analysis for TWI detecting 24-h UOsm < 500 mmol·kg in men yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 77.4% with sensitivity, specificity, and threshold values of 83.3%, 64.5%, and 3.39 L·d, respectively. The AUC was 82.4% in women with sensitivity, specificity, and threshold values of 85.7%, 72.1%, and 2.61 L·d.
Considering threshold values in men and women of 3.4 L·d and 2.6 L·d, respectively, maintaining TWI in line with National Academy of Medicine guidelines of 3.7 L·d in men and 2.7 L·d in women should be sufficient for most individuals in the United States to maintain 24-h UOsm < 500 mmol·kg.
近期研究表明，为实现最佳水摄入量，24小时尿渗透压（UOsm）应维持在＜500 mmol·kg。本研究的目的是确定健康成年人维持最佳水合状态（以24小时尿渗透压＜500 mmol·kg表示）所需的总水摄入量（TWI）。
对居住在美国的49名男性和50名女性（年龄：41±14岁，体重指数：26.3±5.2 kg·m）进行24小时尿渗透压评估。通过使用氧化氘稀释法并校正代谢水生成量，从7天的水周转率评估总水摄入量。分别对男性和女性使用受试者工作特征（ROC）分析评估总水摄入量识别尿渗透压＜500 mmol·kg的诊断准确性。
男性和女性的24小时尿渗透压分别为482±229和346±182 mmol·kg，总水摄入量分别为3.57±1.10 L·d和3.20±1.27 L·d。男性中总水摄入量检测24小时尿渗透压＜500 mmol·kg的ROC分析得出曲线下面积（AUC）为77.4%，敏感性、特异性和阈值分别为83.3%、64.5%和3.39 L·d。女性的AUC为82.4%，敏感性、特异性和阈值分别为85.7%、72.1%和2.6 L·d。
考虑到男性和女性的阈值分别为3.4 L·d和2.6 L·d，按照美国国家医学院指南，男性维持总水摄入量为3.7 L·d、女性为2.7 L·d，对美国大多数个体而言，应足以维持24小时尿渗透压＜500 mmol·kg。
