Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Department of Geography/Geology, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Nov 25;849:157827. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157827. Epub 2022 Aug 6.
The eruption of the Cumbre Vieja volcano on the island of La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain) began on September 19, 2021 and ended on December 13, 2021. It lasted continuously for 85 days with short periods of calm when lava did not exit the cone of the volcano. Vast amounts of volcanic material, including ash and gases, were emitted into the environment. This research focuses on these emissions. The main objective is to use available open-source data to examine the impact on regional and local air quality. Data from the following sources were used: 1) Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) data was used to track the transfer of volcanic SO in the troposphere in early October over long distances from the source of the eruption, including Western and Eastern Europe, across the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean; 2) Data from ground monitoring stations measured the concentrations of SO and PM near the source; 3) AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) data from the La Palma station that showed high Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) values (over 0.4) during the active phase of emissions on September 24 and 28, as well as on October 3; 4) Ångström Exponent (AE) values indicated the presence of particles of different sizes. On September 24, high AE values (>1.5), showed the presence of fine-mode fraction scattering aerosols such as sulfates; 5) Cloud Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) data additionally confirmed the presence of sulfate and dust aerosols in the atmosphere over the region. However, the influence of Saharan dust on the atmosphere of the entire region could not be excluded. This research helps forecast air pollution resulting from large-scale volcanic eruptions and associated health risks to humans.
拉帕尔马岛（西班牙加那利群岛）的 Cumbre Vieja 火山于 2021 年 9 月 19 日爆发，12 月 13 日结束。它持续喷发了 85 天，期间有短暂的平静期，熔岩没有从火山锥中流出。大量的火山物质，包括灰烬和气体，被排放到环境中。本研究重点关注这些排放物。主要目的是利用现有的开源数据来研究对区域和当地空气质量的影响。使用了以下来源的数据：1）哥白尼大气监测服务（CAMS）的数据用于跟踪 10 月初火山 SO 在平流层中的远距离传输，包括喷发源以西和以东的欧洲、跨越大西洋和加勒比海；2）来自地面监测站的数据测量了 SO 和 PM 在源附近的浓度；3）拉帕尔马站的 Ångström 指数（AE）数据表明，在 9 月 24 日和 28 日以及 10 月 3 日排放活动活跃期间，气溶胶光学深度（AOD）值很高（超过 0.4）；4）AE 值表明存在不同大小的粒子。9 月 24 日，高 AE 值（>1.5）表明存在细模态分数散射气溶胶，如硫酸盐；5）云气溶胶激光雷达和红外探路者卫星观测（CALIPSO）数据进一步证实了该地区大气中存在硫酸盐和尘埃气溶胶。然而，不能排除撒哈拉沙漠尘埃对整个地区大气的影响。本研究有助于预测大规模火山爆发造成的空气污染及其对人类健康的相关风险。
