在减少掺有过氧化氢和乙醇的汽油的 CO、HC 和 NO 排放方面：借助 ANN-PSO 进行优化研究。
On reducing the emissions of CO, HC, and NO from gasoline blended with hydrogen peroxide and ethanol: Optimization study aided with ANN-PSO.
机构信息
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India.
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India.
出版信息
Environ Pollut. 2022 Oct 1;310:119866. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119866. Epub 2022 Aug 6.
The use of ethanol blending for gasoline has been found to have a significant effect in reducing emissions without any loss in the performance of a spark ignition engine. However, an increase in the emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NO) may be seen due to the increased oxygen content in the fuel. On the contrary, emulsifying fuel with hydrogen peroxide (HO) has shown a substantial effect in reducing all the emissions, including NO in a compression ignition (CI) engine. In this study, 10% ethanol is blended with gasoline (E10) and further emulsified with HO up to 1.5%. When compared to neat gasoline, a 4.8% increase in brake thermal efficiency (BTE) is obtained with 10% ethanol and 1.5% HO. The corresponding average decrease in the emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and NO were 80%, 43%, and 17%, respectively. The results of the experimental trials are used to model an artificial neural network (ANN) to derive a relationship between the input factors of ethanol concentration, HO concentration, and engine speeds with the output responses of BTE, CO, HC, and NO. The ANN models of each response are optimized using a multi-objective particle swarm optimization (PSO) for maximizing BTE and minimizing emissions of CO, HC, and NO. The PSO results showed that operating the engine at 2000 rpm using ethanol blending between 4 and 6% and HO emulsification of 1.5% are the best optimal conditions.
乙醇混合汽油的使用已被发现可在不降低火花点火发动机性能的情况下显著降低排放。然而，由于燃料中氧含量的增加，可能会看到氮氧化物（NO）排放量的增加。相反，用过氧化氢（HO）乳化燃料已显示出在降低所有排放物（包括压缩点火（CI）发动机中的 NO）方面的显著效果。在这项研究中，将 10%的乙醇与汽油（E10）混合，然后进一步与 HO 乳化至 1.5%。与纯汽油相比，使用 10%乙醇和 1.5%HO 可获得 4.8%的制动热效率（BTE）提高。相应的一氧化碳（CO）、碳氢化合物（HC）和 NO 排放平均减少了 80%、43%和 17%。实验结果用于建立人工神经网络（ANN）模型，以得出乙醇浓度、HO 浓度和发动机转速等输入因素与 BTE、CO、HC 和 NO 等输出响应之间的关系。使用多目标粒子群优化（PSO）对每个响应的 ANN 模型进行优化，以最大程度地提高 BTE 并最小化 CO、HC 和 NO 的排放。PSO 结果表明，以 2000rpm 的发动机转速使用 4%至 6%的乙醇混合和 1.5%的 HO 乳化是最佳的优化条件。
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