Department of Clinical Immunology, Westmead Hospital, Hawkesbury Road, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.
Department of Immunopathology, ICPMR and NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Inflamm Res. 2022 Nov;71(10-11):1181-1189. doi: 10.1007/s00011-022-01622-x. Epub 2022 Aug 11.
Although CD20 is classically a B cell marker, in the last three decades, dim expression has been noted on a subset of T cells as well that has been independently verified by a number of groups. Our understanding of these cells and their function is not well established.
A thorough review of original articles on CD20 T cells was undertaken of Pubmed by using combination of phrases including "CD20", "CD20-positive" and "T cells". Articles in English were considered, and there was no time restriction.
CD20 T cells express the standard T cell markers and, in comparison to CD20¯ T cells, appear to express greater inflammatory cytokines and markers of effector function. Although the ontogeny of these cells is still being established, the current theory is that CD20 may be acquired by trogocytosis from B cells. CD20 T cells may be found in healthy controls and in a wide range of pathologies including autoimmune diseases, haematological and non-haematological malignancies and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. One of the best studied diseases where these cells are found is multiple sclerosis (MS) where a number of therapeutic interventions, including anti-CD20 depletion, have been shown to effectively deplete these cells.
This review summarises the latest understanding of CD20 T cells, their presence in various diseases, their putative function and how they may be an ongoing target of CD20-depleting agents. Unfortunately, our understanding of these cells is still at its infancy and ongoing study in a wider range of pathologies is required.
虽然 CD20 经典上是 B 细胞标志物，但在过去三十年中，许多研究小组已经独立证实，T 细胞亚群也存在 CD20 弱表达。我们对这些细胞及其功能的了解尚未得到充分证实。
通过使用包括“CD20”、“CD20 阳性”和“T 细胞”等短语的组合，在 Pubmed 上对 CD20 T 细胞的原始文章进行了全面综述。考虑了英文文章，没有时间限制。
CD20 T 细胞表达标准 T 细胞标志物，与 CD20¯ T 细胞相比，它们似乎表达更多的炎症细胞因子和效应功能标志物。尽管这些细胞的发生机制仍在建立中，但目前的理论是 CD20 可能通过从 B 细胞的 trogocytosis 获得。CD20 T 细胞可在健康对照者和广泛的病理中发现，包括自身免疫性疾病、血液系统和非血液系统恶性肿瘤以及人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染。在这些细胞被发现的研究最充分的疾病之一多发性硬化症（MS）中，已经显示许多治疗干预措施，包括抗 CD20 耗竭，可有效耗竭这些细胞。
本综述总结了 CD20 T 细胞的最新认识，包括它们在各种疾病中的存在、它们的推测功能以及它们如何成为 CD20 耗竭剂的持续靶标。不幸的是，我们对这些细胞的了解仍处于起步阶段，需要在更广泛的病理范围内进行进一步研究。
