Xu Mingming, Yang Arthur, Xia Jun, Jiang Junhong, Liu Chun-Feng, Ye Zhenyu, Ma Junfeng, Yang Shuang
Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Clinical Laboratory Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Transl Res. 2023 Mar;253:95-107. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.08.001. Epub 2022 Aug 8.
Human body fluids have become an indispensable resource for clinical research, diagnosis and prognosis. Urine is widely used to discover disease-specific glycoprotein biomarkers because of its recurrently non-invasive collection and disease-indicating properties. While urine is an unstable fluid in that its composition changes with ingested nutrients and further as it is excreted through micturition, urinary proteins are more stable and their abnormal glycosylation is associated with diseases. It is known that aberrant glycosylation can define tumor malignancy and indicate disease initiation and progression. However, a thorough and translational survey of urinary glycosylation in diseases has not been performed. In this article, we evaluate the clinical applications of urine, introduce methods for urine glycosylation analysis, and discuss urine glycoprotein biomarkers. We emphasize the importance of mining urinary glycoproteins and searching for disease-specific glycosylation in various diseases (including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and viral infections). With advances in mass spectrometry-based glycomics/glycoproteomics/glycopeptidomics, characterization of disease-specific glycosylation will optimistically lead to the discovery of disease-related urinary biomarkers with better sensitivity and specificity in the near future.
人体体液已成为临床研究、诊断和预后不可或缺的资源。尿液因其可反复无创采集且具有疾病指示特性，被广泛用于发现疾病特异性糖蛋白生物标志物。虽然尿液是一种不稳定的液体，其成分会随着摄入的营养物质而变化，并且在排尿过程中会进一步变化，但尿液中的蛋白质更稳定，其异常糖基化与疾病相关。众所周知，异常糖基化可以定义肿瘤恶性程度，并指示疾病的发生和进展。然而，尚未对疾病中的尿液糖基化进行全面的转化研究。在本文中，我们评估尿液的临床应用，介绍尿液糖基化分析方法，并讨论尿液糖蛋白生物标志物。我们强调在各种疾病（包括癌症、神经退行性疾病、糖尿病和病毒感染）中挖掘尿液糖蛋白和寻找疾病特异性糖基化的重要性。随着基于质谱的糖组学/糖蛋白质组学/糖肽组学的进展，疾病特异性糖基化的表征有望在不久的将来发现具有更高灵敏度和特异性的疾病相关尿液生物标志物。
