Jiang Chengyao, Zhang Jianjun, Wang Wentao, Shan Zexing, Sun Fan, Tan Yuen, Tong Yilin, Qiu Yue
Department of Gastric Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Medical Oncology Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Front Physiol. 2023 Aug 16;14:1158839. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1158839. eCollection 2023.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, play a crucial role in intercellular communication and have emerged as important mediators in the development and progression of gastric cancer. This review discusses the current understanding of the role of EVs, particularly exosomal lncRNA and microRNA, in gastric cancer and their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Exosomes are small membrane-bound particles secreted by both cancer cells and stromal cells within the tumor microenvironment. They contain various ncRNA and biomolecules, which can be transferred to recipient cells to promote tumor growth and metastasis. In this review, we highlighted the importance of exosomal lncRNA and microRNA in gastric cancer. Exosomal lncRNAs have been shown to regulate gene expression by interacting with transcription factors or chromatin-modifying enzymes, which regulate gene expression by binding to target mRNAs. We also discuss the potential use of exosomal lncRNAs and microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer. Exosomes can be isolated from various bodily fluids, including blood, urine, and saliva. They contain specific molecules that reflect the molecular characteristics of the tumor, making them promising candidates for non-invasive diagnostic tests. Finally, the potential of targeting exosomal lncRNAs and microRNAs as a therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer were reviewed as wee. Inhibition of specific molecules within exosomes has been shown to suppress tumor growth and metastasis in preclinical models. In conclusion, this review article provides an overview of the current understanding of the role of exosomal lncRNA and microRNA in gastric cancer. We suggest that further research into these molecules could lead to new diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies for this deadly disease.
细胞外囊泡（EVs），包括外泌体，在细胞间通讯中起着至关重要的作用，并已成为胃癌发生和发展的重要介质。本综述讨论了目前对EVs，特别是外泌体长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）和微小RNA（miRNA）在胃癌中的作用及其作为诊断和治疗靶点的潜力的理解。外泌体是肿瘤微环境中癌细胞和基质细胞分泌的小膜结合颗粒。它们含有各种非编码RNA和生物分子，可转移至受体细胞以促进肿瘤生长和转移。在本综述中，我们强调了外泌体lncRNA和miRNA在胃癌中的重要性。外泌体lncRNA已被证明可通过与转录因子或染色质修饰酶相互作用来调节基因表达，而这些转录因子或染色质修饰酶通过与靶mRNA结合来调节基因表达。我们还讨论了外泌体lncRNA和miRNA作为胃癌诊断生物标志物的潜在用途。外泌体可从包括血液、尿液和唾液在内的各种体液中分离出来。它们含有反映肿瘤分子特征的特定分子，使其成为无创诊断测试的有前景的候选物。最后，我们也综述了靶向作用外泌体lncRNA和miRNA作为胃癌治疗策略的潜力。在临床前模型中，抑制外泌体内的特定分子已被证明可抑制肿瘤生长和转移。总之，这篇综述文章概述了目前对外泌体lncRNA和miRNA在胃癌中作用的理解。我们建议对这些分子的进一步研究可能会为这种致命疾病带来新的诊断工具和治疗策略。
