AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland.
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
J Orthop Res. 2023 Apr;41(4):834-844. doi: 10.1002/jor.25429. Epub 2022 Aug 27.
Autologous cancellous bone graft is the gold standard in large bone defect repair. However, studies using autologous bone grafting in rats are rare. To determine the feasibility of autologous cancellous bone graft harvest from different anatomical donor sites (humerus, ilium, femur, tibia, and tail vertebrae) in rats and compare their suitability as donor sites, a total of 13 freshly euthanized rats were used to describe the surgical technique, determine the cancellous bone volume and microstructure, and compare the cancellous bone collected quantitatively and qualitatively. It was feasible to harvest cancellous bone grafts from all five anatomical sites with the humerus and tail being more surgically challenging. The microstructural analysis using micro-computed tomography showed a significantly lower bone volume fraction, bone mineral density, and trabecular thickness of the humerus and iliac crest compared to the femur, tibia, and tail vertebrae. The harvested weight and volume did not differ between the donor sites. All donor sites apart from the femur yielded primary osteogenic cells confirmed by the presence of alkaline phosphatase and Alizarin Red S stain. Bone samples from the iliac crest showed the most consistent outgrowth of osteoprogenitor cells. In conclusion, the tibia and iliac crest may be the most favorable donor sites considering the surgical approach. However, due to the differences in microstructure of the cancellous bone and the consistency of outgrowth of osteoprogenitor cells, the donor sites may have different healing properties, that need further investigation in an in vivo study.
自体松质骨移植是修复大骨缺损的金标准。然而，在大鼠中使用自体骨移植的研究很少。为了确定从大鼠不同解剖供体部位（肱骨、髂骨、股骨、胫骨和尾椎）采集自体松质骨的可行性，并比较它们作为供体部位的适宜性，共使用 13 只新鲜安乐死的大鼠来描述手术技术，确定松质骨体积和微观结构，并对定量和定性收集的松质骨进行比较。从所有五个解剖部位采集松质骨移植物是可行的，肱骨和尾椎的手术难度更大。微计算机断层扫描的微观结构分析显示，与股骨、胫骨和尾椎相比，肱骨和髂嵴的骨体积分数、骨矿物质密度和小梁厚度显著降低。各供体部位间的采集重量和体积无差异。除股骨外，所有供体部位均通过碱性磷酸酶和茜素红 S 染色证实存在原代成骨细胞。髂骨的骨样本显示出最一致的成骨前体细胞的生长。总之，考虑到手术入路，胫骨和髂嵴可能是最理想的供体部位。然而，由于松质骨的微观结构和骨祖细胞生长的一致性存在差异，供体部位可能具有不同的愈合特性，这需要进一步在体内研究中进行调查。
