Serotonin Receptor 5-HT Regulates TrkB Receptor Function in Heteroreceptor Complexes.

Serotonin receptor 5-HT and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) strongly contribute to neuroplasticity regulation and are implicated in numerous neuronal disorders. Here, we demonstrate a physical interaction between 5-HT and TrkB in vitro and in vivo using co-immunoprecipitation and biophysical and biochemical approaches. Heterodimerization decreased TrkB autophosphorylation, preventing its activation with agonist 7,8-DHF, even with low 5-HT receptor expression. A blockade of 5-HT receptor with the preferential antagonist ketanserin prevented the receptor-mediated downregulation of TrkB phosphorylation without restoring the TrkB response to its agonist 7,8-DHF in vitro. In adult mice, intraperitoneal ketanserin injection increased basal TrkB phosphorylation in the frontal cortex and hippocampus, which is in accordance with our findings demonstrating the prevalence of 5-HT-TrkB heteroreceptor complexes in these brain regions. An expression analysis revealed strong developmental regulation of 5-HT and TrkB expressions in the cortex, hippocampus, and especially the striatum, demonstrating that the balance between TrkB and 5-HT may shift in certain brain regions during postnatal development. Our data reveal the functional role of 5-HT-TrkB receptor heterodimerization and suggest that the regulated expression of 5-HT and TrkB is a molecular mechanism for the brain-region-specific modulation of TrkB functions during development and under pathophysiological conditions.