Kaibori Masaki, Matsui Kosuke, Hayashi Mikio
Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata 573-1191, Japan.
Department of Physiology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata 573-1191, Japan.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Aug 8;14(15):3840. doi: 10.3390/cancers14153840.
Lactosomes™ are biocompatible nanoparticles that can be used for cancer tissue imaging and drug delivery. Lactosomes are polymeric micelles formed by the self-assembly of biodegradable amphiphilic block copolymers composed of hydrophilic polysarcosine and hydrophobic poly-L-lactic acid chains. The particle size can be controlled in the range of 20 to 100 nm. Lactosomes can also be loaded with hydrophobic imaging probes and photosensitizers, such as indocyanine green. Indocyanine green-loaded lactosomes are stable for long-term circulation in the blood, allowing for accumulation in cancer tissues. Such lactosomes function as a photosensitizer, which simultaneously enables fluorescence diagnosis and photodynamic therapy. This review provides an overview of lactosomes with respect to molecular design, accumulation in cancer tissue, and theranostics applications. The use of lactosomes can facilitate the treatment of cancers in unresectable tissues, such as glioblastoma and head and neck cancers, which can lead to improved quality of life for patients with recurrent and unresectable cancers. We conclude by describing some outstanding questions and future directions for cancer theranostics with respect to clinical applications.
脂质体™是一种生物相容性纳米颗粒，可用于癌症组织成像和药物递送。脂质体是由亲水性聚肌氨酸和疏水性聚-L-乳酸链组成的可生物降解两亲性嵌段共聚物自组装形成的聚合物胶束。粒径可控制在20至100纳米范围内。脂质体还可负载疏水性成像探针和光敏剂，如吲哚菁绿。负载吲哚菁绿的脂质体在血液中可长期稳定循环，从而在癌症组织中蓄积。此类脂质体可作为光敏剂，同时实现荧光诊断和光动力疗法。本文综述了脂质体在分子设计、在癌症组织中的蓄积以及诊疗应用方面的概况。脂质体的应用有助于治疗不可切除组织中的癌症，如胶质母细胞瘤和头颈癌，这可提高复发和不可切除癌症患者的生活质量。我们通过描述癌症诊疗在临床应用方面的一些突出问题和未来方向来结束本文。
