Chair of Health Informatics, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany.
Department Healthcare, Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Aug 6;19(15):9709. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159709.
The digitalization and integration of data are increasingly relevant for hospitals. Several methods exist to assess and structurally develop digital maturity. However, it is notable that German hospitals lag behind the European average with respect to digitalization.
We hypothesized that: (a) the perspective of hospital managing directors regarding the state of digitalization in German hospitals plays an important role in the investigation of barriers, and (b) the Hospital Future Act in 2020 may help to surmount those barriers.
Aligned with the Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys (CHERRIES), two online surveys were conducted, one in 2019 and one in 2021.
The first study covered 184/344 hospitals and the second, 83/344. The responsibility for deciding on the implementation of digitalization lay with the management (115/184; 62.5%). About 54.9% (101/184) of the managing directors desired digitally supported workflows, together with employees or users. In total, 74.7% (62/83) of hospital managing directors expressed an increase in digitization compared to 2019, with a percentage increase of 25.4% (SD 14.41). In some cases, we analyzed the data using an ANOVA, chi-squared test and Pearson's correlation, but there was no significant relation identified among the variables.
This online-based survey study demonstrated that the development of a digitalization strategy is still strongly tied to or dominated by the attitude of the management. One could assume a lack of acceptance among employees, which should be surveyed in future research. The Hospital Future Act, as well as the COVID-19 pandemic, has positively influenced the digital maturity of hospitals.
数据的数字化和整合对于医院来说越来越重要。有几种方法可以评估和构建数字成熟度。然而，值得注意的是，德国医院在数字化方面落后于欧洲平均水平。
我们假设：（a）医院院长对德国医院数字化状态的看法在调查障碍方面起着重要作用；（b）2020 年的《医院未来法案》可能有助于克服这些障碍。
根据互联网电子调查报告清单（CHERRIES），我们进行了两次在线调查，一次在 2019 年，一次在 2021 年。
第一项研究涵盖了 184/344 家医院，第二项研究涵盖了 83/344 家医院。决定实施数字化的责任在于管理层（115/184；62.5%）。约 54.9%（101/184）的院长希望与员工或用户一起实现数字化支持的工作流程。共有 74.7%（62/83）的医院院长表示与 2019 年相比，数字化程度有所提高，增长率为 25.4%（SD 14.41）。在某些情况下，我们使用方差分析、卡方检验和皮尔逊相关分析对数据进行了分析，但未发现变量之间存在显著关系。
这项基于在线的调查研究表明，数字化战略的发展仍然与管理层的态度密切相关或受其主导。人们可以假设员工对此缺乏接受度，这应该在未来的研究中进行调查。《医院未来法案》以及 COVID-19 大流行，对医院的数字化成熟度产生了积极影响。
