Research unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu, Finland.
Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
J Clin Nurs. 2019 Mar;28(5-6):745-761. doi: 10.1111/jocn.14710. Epub 2018 Nov 22.
To identify key areas of competence for digitalisation in healthcare settings, describe healthcare professionals' competencies in these areas and identify factors related to their competence.
Digitalisation requires changes in healthcare practices, policies and actions to revise job expectations and workflows. The aspects of patient safety and integration of digitalisation into the professional context necessitate an assessment of healthcare professionals' competencies in digitalisation.
Systematic review.
A systematic review was conducted following Center of Reviews and Dissemination guidelines, including application of a PRISMA statement. Four databases-CINAHL (EBSCO), MEDLINE (Ovid), Web of Science and Academic Search Premiere (EBSCO)-were searched for relevant original peer-reviewed studies published between 2012-2017. Twelve were chosen for final analysis: five quantitative studies and seven qualitative studies, which were, respectively, subjected to narrative and thematic synthesis.
Key competence areas regarding digitalisation from a healthcare perspective identified encompass knowledge of digital technology and the digital skills required to provide good patient care, including associated social and communication skills, and ethical considerations of digitalisation in patient care. Healthcare professionals need the motivation and willingness to acquire experience of digitalisation in their professional context. Collegial and organisational support appear to be essential factors for building positive experiences of digitalisation for healthcare professionals.
Healthcare organisations should both pay attention to the social environment of a workplace and create a positive atmosphere if they want to improve the response to digitalisation. The successful implementation of new technology requires organisational and collegial support.
Recommendations for clinical practice include the following: development of competence in digitalisation by healthcare professionals when using technological equipment to minimise errors; provision of sufficient resources, equipment and room for technology usage; and provision of regular education that considers the participants' competencies.
确定医疗环境中数字化的关键能力领域，描述医疗保健专业人员在这些领域的能力，并确定与他们的能力相关的因素。
数字化要求医疗实践、政策和行动发生变化，以修改工作期望和工作流程。患者安全和数字化融入专业环境的方面需要评估医疗保健专业人员在数字化方面的能力。
系统评价。
根据综述与传播中心的指南进行了系统评价，包括应用 PRISMA 声明。在 CINAHL（EBSCO）、MEDLINE（Ovid）、Web of Science 和 Academic Search Premiere（EBSCO）四个数据库中搜索了 2012-2017 年期间发表的相关原始同行评审研究。最终选择了 12 项研究进行分析：五项定量研究和七项定性研究，分别进行了叙述性和主题性综合分析。
从医疗保健角度来看，数字化的关键能力领域包括对数字技术的了解以及提供良好患者护理所需的数字技能，包括相关的社交和沟通技能，以及数字医疗护理中的伦理考虑。医疗保健专业人员需要有在专业环境中获得数字化经验的动力和意愿。同事和组织支持似乎是建立医疗保健专业人员对数字化的积极体验的重要因素。
医疗保健组织如果要改善对数字化的响应，不仅要关注工作场所的社会环境，还要营造积极的氛围。新技术的成功实施需要组织和同事的支持。
临床实践的建议包括以下内容：医疗保健专业人员在使用技术设备时发展数字化能力，以最大程度地减少错误；提供足够的资源、设备和技术使用空间；提供定期教育，考虑参与者的能力。
