Department of Food Science, Nutrition, and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA.
Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA.
Nutrients. 2022 Jul 27;14(15):3081. doi: 10.3390/nu14153081.
A growing body of evidence suggests that food insecurity is associated with adverse mental health outcomes such as depression and anxiety. In this study, the relationship between food insecurity and depression was examined using data from the 2005−2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Food insecurity was assessed with the 18-item United States Food Security Survey Module with zero affirmative responses indicating high food security, 1 or 2 affirmative responses indicating marginal food security, and ≥3 affirmative responses indicating food insecurity. Depression was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 with scores ≥10 indicating depression. Data were analyzed from 28,448 adult participants aged 20 or older. Food insecurity was present in 19.2% of the sample population (n = 5452). Food security status was significantly associated with gender, race, education level, marital status, smoking status, and BMI (Rao-Scott chi-square, p < 0.05). Fully food secure and very low food security adults experienced depression at a rate of 5.1% and 25.8%, respectively (Rao-Scott chi-square, p < 0.0001). Participants with very low food security had a significantly greater odds of depression than food secure adults, OR = 3.50 (95% CI: 2.98, 4.12). These findings suggest that food insecurity is a significant risk factors for depression in US adults over 20 years of age. To address this issue in our citizenry, police initiatives and public health interventions addressing both food access and mental health should be prioritized.
越来越多的证据表明，食物不安全与抑郁和焦虑等不良心理健康结果有关。在这项研究中，使用 2005-2016 年全国健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 的数据研究了食物不安全与抑郁之间的关系。食物不安全情况采用 18 项美国食物安全调查模块进行评估，零个肯定回答表示高度食物安全，1 或 2 个肯定回答表示边缘性食物安全，≥3 个肯定回答表示食物不安全。抑郁采用患者健康问卷-9 进行评估，得分≥10 表示抑郁。对 28448 名年龄在 20 岁及以上的成年参与者进行了数据分析。样本人群中（n=5452）有 19.2%存在食物不安全。食物安全状况与性别、种族、教育水平、婚姻状况、吸烟状况和 BMI 显著相关（Rao-Scott 卡方检验，p<0.05）。完全食物安全和非常低食物安全的成年人经历抑郁的比例分别为 5.1%和 25.8%（Rao-Scott 卡方检验，p<0.0001）。与食物安全的成年人相比，非常低食物安全的参与者患抑郁的几率显著更高，OR=3.50（95%CI：2.98，4.12）。这些发现表明，在美国 20 岁以上的成年人中，食物不安全是抑郁的一个重要危险因素。为了解决我们公民中的这个问题，应优先考虑解决食物获取和心理健康问题的警察倡议和公共卫生干预措施。
