Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
Nutrients. 2022 Jul 31;14(15):3169. doi: 10.3390/nu14153169.
Globally, the incidence of diabetes is increasing annually, and China has the largest number of patients with diabetes. Patients with type 2 diabetes need lifelong medication, with severe cases requiring surgery. Diabetes treatment may cause complications, side-effects, and postoperative sequelae that could lead to adverse health problems and significant social and economic burdens; thus, more efficient hypoglycemic drugs have become a research hotspot. Glucose metabolism disorders can promote diabetes, a systemic metabolic disease that impairs the function of other organs, including the heart, liver, and kidneys. leaves have gathered increasing interest among researchers because of their effectiveness in ameliorating glucose metabolism disorders. At present, various compounds have been isolated from , and the main active components include polysaccharides, triterpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. mainly ameliorates glucose metabolism disorders by reducing glucose uptake, regulating blood lipid levels, regulating the insulin signaling pathway, reducing β-cell apoptosis, increasing insulin synthesis and secretion, regulating abundances of intestinal microorganisms, and exhibiting α-glucosidase inhibitor activity. In this paper, the mechanism of glucose metabolism regulation by was reviewed to provide a reference to prevent and treat diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, obesity, and other metabolic diseases.
全球范围内，糖尿病的发病率正在逐年增加，而中国拥有数量最多的糖尿病患者。2 型糖尿病患者需要终身服药，严重者需要手术。糖尿病的治疗可能会引起并发症、副作用和术后后遗症，从而导致健康问题和巨大的社会经济负担；因此，更有效的降糖药物已成为研究热点。葡萄糖代谢紊乱会促进糖尿病的发生，糖尿病是一种全身性代谢疾病，会损害包括心脏、肝脏和肾脏在内的其他器官的功能。 leaves 因其改善葡萄糖代谢紊乱的功效而受到研究人员的越来越多的关注。目前，已从 leaves 中分离得到多种化合物，主要活性成分包括多糖、三萜、黄酮和酚酸。 leaves 主要通过降低葡萄糖摄取、调节血脂水平、调节胰岛素信号通路、减少β细胞凋亡、增加胰岛素合成和分泌、调节肠道微生物丰度以及表现出α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性来改善葡萄糖代谢紊乱。本文综述了 leaves 调节葡萄糖代谢的机制，以期为预防和治疗糖尿病、高脂血症、肥胖症和其他代谢性疾病提供参考。
