Ibrahim Omer H M, Mousa Magdi A A, Asiry Khalid A, Alhakamy Nabil A, Abo-Elyousr Kamal A M
Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jul 30;11(15):1990. doi: 10.3390/plants11151990.
Effective alternative strategies and methodological approaches are critically necessary for cancer prevention and therapy. In this study, we investigated the antitumor potential of neem fruit mesocarp and epicarp extracts. The chemical composition of the derived extracts was characterized using GC-MS. Data were collected on the antimicrobial activity of the extracts in addition to the cytotoxicity effect evaluated against PC-3, MCF-7, and Caco-2 cancer cell lines, compared with the normal Vero cells. Cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis, and expression of apoptosis-related genes were assessed on PC-3 cells. Both extracts had significant antiproliferative effects on all tested cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, with the mesocarp extract being more potent. Both extracts also showed high antibacterial and antifungal activities. These results were related to the chemical constituents of the extracts identified by the GC-MS analysis. The extract of neem fruit mesocarp caused cell-cycle arrest at G2/M phase of PC-3 cells. The cytotoxicity of neem mesocarp extract is strongly correlated with the induction of apoptosis, where it caused downregulation of the antiapoptotic BCL2 gene but upregulation of the proapoptotic P53 and BAX genes. This study showed that neem fruit extract is potential anticancer material in the future.
有效的替代策略和方法对于癌症预防和治疗至关重要。在本研究中，我们调查了印楝果实中果皮和外果皮提取物的抗肿瘤潜力。使用气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC-MS）对所得提取物的化学成分进行了表征。除了评估提取物对PC-3、MCF-7和Caco-2癌细胞系的细胞毒性作用外，还收集了其抗菌活性数据，并与正常的Vero细胞进行比较。对PC-3细胞进行了细胞周期阻滞、凋亡及凋亡相关基因表达的评估。两种提取物对所有测试细胞系均有显著的抗增殖作用，且呈剂量依赖性，其中中果皮提取物的效果更强。两种提取物还表现出较高的抗菌和抗真菌活性。这些结果与通过GC-MS分析鉴定出的提取物化学成分有关。印楝果实中果皮提取物导致PC-3细胞在G2/M期发生细胞周期阻滞。印楝中果皮提取物的细胞毒性与凋亡诱导密切相关，它导致抗凋亡BCL2基因下调，但促凋亡P53和BAX基因上调。本研究表明，印楝果实提取物未来有可能成为抗癌物质。
