Ibrahim Omer H M, Abo-Elyousr Kamal A M, Asiry Khalid A, Alhakamy Nabil A, Mousa Magdi A A
Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Aug 17;11(16):2140. doi: 10.3390/plants11162140.
Despite the proven biological activity of the aerial part extract of , scarce information is available about the activity of the root extract. This encouraged us to initiate the current investigation to study the cytotoxic activity of methanolic root extract against various cancer cell lines in vitro, along with its antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening. MTT assay was applied to test the cytotoxic effect against the prostate (PC-3), breast (MCF-7) and colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2), together with normal Vero cells. Flow cytometry was employed to assess cell cycle arrest and apoptosis vs. necrosis in PC-3 cells. The expression of apoptosis-related genes (, and ) was quantified by qRT-PCR analysis. The obtained results showed strong antiproliferative activity on the three cancer cell lines and the normal Vero cells in a dose-dependent manner. A high selectivity index (SI) was recorded against the three cell lines with PC-3 cells showing the highest SI and the lowest IC. This effect was associated with cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and induction of total apoptosis at 27.18% being mainly early apoptosis. Apoptosis induction was related to the upregulation of the proapoptotic genes and and the downregulation of the antiapoptotic gene . Additionally, the extract demonstrated in vitro antibacterial activity against , and . Additionally, it showed antifungal activity against , and . Seven phenolic acids and seven flavonoids were detected. The predominant phenolic acids were cinnamic and caffeic acids, while hisperdin and querestin were the principal flavonoids. These findings provide clear evidence about the promising proapoptotic effect of root extract, which contributes to laying the basis for broader and in-depth future investigations.
尽管[植物名称]地上部分提取物已被证实具有生物活性，但关于其根提取物的活性却知之甚少。这促使我们开展当前的研究，以研究[植物名称]甲醇根提取物对多种癌细胞系的体外细胞毒性活性及其抗菌活性，并进行植物化学筛选。采用MTT法检测对前列腺癌（PC-3）、乳腺癌（MCF-7）和结肠腺癌（Caco-2）以及正常Vero细胞的细胞毒性作用。运用流式细胞术评估PC-3细胞的细胞周期阻滞以及凋亡与坏死情况。通过qRT-PCR分析对凋亡相关基因（[基因名称1]、[基因名称2]和[基因名称3]）的表达进行定量。所得结果显示，该提取物对三种癌细胞系和正常Vero细胞均具有强烈的抗增殖活性，且呈剂量依赖性。针对三种细胞系记录到较高的选择性指数（SI），其中PC-3细胞的SI最高，IC最低。这种作用与G1期细胞周期阻滞以及27.18%的总凋亡诱导相关，主要为早期凋亡。凋亡诱导与促凋亡基因[基因名称1]和[基因名称2]的上调以及抗凋亡基因[基因名称3]的下调有关。此外，该提取物对[细菌名称1]、[细菌名称2]和[细菌名称3]表现出体外抗菌活性。此外，它对[真菌名称1]、[真菌名称2]和[真菌名称3]具有抗真菌活性。检测到七种酚酸和七种黄酮类化合物。主要的酚酸为肉桂酸和咖啡酸，而海松素和槲皮素是主要的黄酮类化合物。这些发现为[植物名称]根提取物有前景的促凋亡作用提供了明确证据，有助于为未来更广泛和深入的研究奠定基础。
