Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
BMC Microbiol. 2023 Sep 26;23(1):269. doi: 10.1186/s12866-023-03007-4.
Toxigenic fungi (Aspergillus and Fusarium) and their metabolites represent the major cause of corn and corn-based products contamination and consequently lead to severe economic and health issues.
Our current study aimed to investigate the efficacy of using L. macroides Bac6 as a biological control agent against the toxigenic fungi; A. flavus f10 and F. proliferatum f30 and their mycotoxins.
The results illustrated that A. flavus f10 produced the aflatoxins AFB and AFG with concentrations of 21.239 and 13.593 ppb, respectively. While F. proliferatum f30 produced fumonisin B (9600 ppb). Furthermore, L. macroides showed a high potential for inhibition of toxigenic fungal growth using a dual culture method. F. proliferatum f30 and A. flavus f10 were found to be inhibited by a percentage of 80 and 62.5%, respectively. The results were confirmed using the scanning electron microscope. The antagonistic bacteria, L. macroides, showed chitinase productivity and activity of 26.45 U/L and 0.12 U/mL/min, respectively, which illustrates its potential application as a biocontrol agent. The GC-MS analysis revealed an abundance of Pyrrolo[1,2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, Hexahydro in the bacterial supernatant that exhibited antifungal characteristics. L. macroides had a significant reduction of AFB and AFG produced by A. flavus f10, recording 99.25% and 99% inhibition, respectively. It also showed strong inhibition of fumonisin B (90% inhibition) produced by F. proliferatum f30.
Thus, the current study is a prospective study evaluating for the first time the potential impact of L. macroides Bac6 against the toxigenic fungi and their toxins.
产毒真菌（曲霉属和镰刀菌属）及其代谢产物是导致玉米及其制品污染的主要原因，从而造成严重的经济和健康问题。
本研究旨在探讨利用 L. macroides Bac6 作为生物防治剂来防治产毒真菌（黄曲霉 f10 和 F. proliferatum f30）及其霉菌毒素的效果。
结果表明，黄曲霉 f10 产生的黄曲霉毒素 AFB 和 AFG 浓度分别为 21.239 和 13.593 ppb。而 F. proliferatum f30 产生的是伏马菌素 B（9600 ppb）。此外，利用双重培养法，L. macroides 对产毒真菌的生长具有很高的抑制潜力。F. proliferatum f30 和 A. flavus f10 的抑制率分别为 80%和 62.5%。扫描电子显微镜的结果证实了这一点。拮抗细菌 L. macroides 的几丁质酶生产率和活性分别为 26.45 U/L 和 0.12 U/mL/min，这表明其具有作为生物防治剂的应用潜力。GC-MS 分析表明，细菌上清液中含有丰富的 Pyrrolo[1,2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione 和 Hexahydro，具有抗真菌特性。L. macroides 对 A. flavus f10 产生的 AFB 和 AFG 的抑制率分别达到 99.25%和 99%，对 F. proliferatum f30 产生的伏马菌素 B 也有很强的抑制作用（抑制率达 90%）。
因此，本研究首次评估了 L. macroides Bac6 对产毒真菌及其毒素的潜在影响，是一项前瞻性研究。
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