Zhang Lingling, Fang Weimin, Chen Fadi, Song Aiping
State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jul 31;11(15):1997. doi: 10.3390/plants11151997.
Transcription factors, also known as trans-acting factors, balance development and stress responses in plants. Branching plays an important role in plant morphogenesis and is closely related to plant biomass and crop yield. The apical meristem produced during plant embryonic development repeatedly produces the body of the plant, and the final aerial structure is regulated by the branching mode generated by axillary meristem (AM) activities. These branching patterns are regulated by two processes: AM formation and axillary bud growth. In recent years, transcription factors involved in regulating these processes have been identified. In addition, these transcription factors play an important role in various plant hormone pathways and photoresponses regulating plant branching. In this review, we start from the formation and growth of axillary meristems, including the regulation of hormones, light and other internal and external factors, and focus on the transcription factors involved in regulating plant branching and development to provide candidate genes for improving crop architecture through gene editing or directed breeding.
转录因子，也称为反式作用因子，在植物中平衡发育和应激反应。分枝在植物形态发生中起重要作用，并且与植物生物量和作物产量密切相关。植物胚胎发育过程中产生的顶端分生组织反复产生植物体，最终的地上结构由腋生分生组织（AM）活动产生的分枝模式调控。这些分枝模式受两个过程调控：AM形成和腋芽生长。近年来，已鉴定出参与调控这些过程的转录因子。此外，这些转录因子在调控植物分枝的各种植物激素途径和光反应中发挥重要作用。在本综述中，我们从腋生分生组织的形成和生长开始，包括激素、光和其他内部和外部因素的调控，并聚焦于参与调控植物分枝和发育的转录因子，以为通过基因编辑或定向育种改善作物株型提供候选基因。
