Kim Seong-Hoon, Subramanian Parthiban, Hahn Bum-Soo, Ha Bo-Keun
National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju 5487, Korea.
Department of Applied Plant Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Aug 2;11(15):2017. doi: 10.3390/plants11152017.
Soybean ( L.) is a crop native to Northeast Asia, including China, Korea, and Japan, but currently cultivated all over the world. The National Agrobiodiversity Center in Korea at the Rural Development Administration (RDA) conserves approximately 26,000 accessions and conducts characterizations of its accessions, to accumulate new information. Roots are essential organs of a plant, providing mechanical support, as well as aiding water and nutrient acquisition. Currently, not much information is available in international gene banks regarding root characterization. We studied the root phenotype of 374 soybean accessions, using a high-throughput method. Eight root morphological traits (RMT) were studied and we observed that the surface area (SA), number of forks (NF), and number of tips (NT) had a positive correlation with total length (LENGTH), and that link average length (LAL) and other traits all had a negative correlation. Additionally, the correlation between seed traits (height, width, and 100-seed weight) and root traits was confirmed for the first time in this experiment. The germplasms were divided into three clusters by k-means clustering, and orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was used to compare clusters. The most distinctive characteristics between clusters were total lateral average length (LAD) and total lateral average length (DIAM). Cluster 3 had the highest LENGTH, SA, NF, and NF, whereas cluster 1 had the smallest LENGTH, SA, and NF. We selected the top 10 accessions for each RMT, and IT208321, IT216313, and IT216137 were nominated as the best germplasms. These accessions can be recommended to breeders as materials for breeding programs. This is a preliminary report on the characterization of the root phenotype at an international gene bank and will open up the possibility of improving the available information on accessions in gene banks worldwide.
大豆（Glycine max (L.) Merr.）是一种原产于东北亚的作物，包括中国、韩国和日本，但目前在世界各地均有种植。韩国农村发展管理局（RDA）的国家农业生物多样性中心保存了约26000份种质资源，并对其进行性状鉴定，以积累新的信息。根是植物的重要器官，提供机械支撑，同时有助于水分和养分的获取。目前，国际基因库中关于根系鉴定的信息不多。我们采用高通量方法研究了374份大豆种质资源的根表型。研究了8个根形态性状（RMT），观察到表面积（SA）、分叉数（NF）和根尖数（NT）与总长度（LENGTH）呈正相关，而节间平均长度（LAL）与其他性状均呈负相关。此外，本实验首次证实了种子性状（高度、宽度和百粒重）与根性状之间的相关性。通过k均值聚类将种质分为三类，并使用正交投影到潜在结构判别分析（OPLS-DA）对类群进行比较。类群之间最显著的特征是总侧根平均长度（LAD）和总侧根平均直径（DIAM）。第3类的LENGTH、SA、NF和NT最高，而第1类的LENGTH、SA和NF最小。我们为每个RMT选出了前10份种质，IT208321、IT216313和IT216137被评为最佳种质。这些种质可作为育种材料推荐给育种者。这是一份关于国际基因库中根表型鉴定的初步报告，将为增加全球基因库中种质资源的可用信息开辟可能性。
