Chemical Composition and Histochemical Localization of Essential Oil from Wild and Cultivated Roots and Rhizomes.

(Willd.) Iljin is not only a source of phytosteroids and flavonoids, but is also source of essential oil (EO). This study evaluated the volatile metabolic constituents and histochemical localization of root and rhizome essential oils (EOs) from populations wild-grown in Russia and cultivated in Bulgaria. The performed histochemical analysis confirmed the presence of lipophilic substances in the secretory ducts of the examined roots and rhizomes. Both EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation and further analyzed by gas chromatography with mass detection. The results showed differences between the chemical compositions of both EOs. Forty-six components were tentatively identified in oil from the wild population, with -selinene (4.77%), estragole (6.32%), D-carvone (6.37%), cyperene (8.78%), and ledene oxide (11.52%) being the major constituents. In the EO isolated from cultivated , twenty-three compounds were tentatively identified, with humulene (7.68%), -elemene (10.76%), humulene-1,2-epoxide (11.55%), ledene oxide (13.50%), and elemene (19.08%) predominating. This is the first report describing the histolocalization and chemical profile of EO from cultivated in Bulgaria. Further research on the cultivation of in Bulgaria would affect the relationship between its chemical composition and pharmacological effects.