Dobrosielska Marta, Dobrucka Renata, Kozera Paulina, Kozera Rafał, Kołodziejczak Marta, Gabriel Ewa, Głowacka Julia, Jałbrzykowski Marek, Kurzydłowski Krzysztof J, Przekop Robert E
Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Non-Food Products Quality and Packaging Development, Institute of Quality Science, Poznań University of Economics and Business, al. Niepodległości 10, 61-875 Poznań, Poland.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Aug 2;14(15):3153. doi: 10.3390/polym14153153.
Amorphous diatomite was used as a filler for a thermoplastic polymer of polyamide 11 obtained from natural sources. The diatomite particles of different sizes were previously fractionated by sedimentation to obtain powders with varying particle size distribution, including powders with or without frustule particles, crushed, uncrushed or agglomerated. Biocomposites containing 2.5, 5, 10 and 20% filler were tested for their mechanical properties, including tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength. In addition, a particle size analysis (by Dynamic Light Scattering, DLS) was performed and the dispersion of the filler in the polymer matrix (Scanning Electron Microscopy, SEM), thermal parameters (Differential Scanning Calorimetry, DSC, and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, DMA) were determined. Testing showed that biocomposites modified with diatomaceous earth have a higher mechanical strength than the reference system, especially with larger amounts of the filler (10 and 20%), e.g., the tensile strength of pure PA11 is about 46 MPa, while 20OB and 20OF 47.5 and 47 MPa, respectively, while an increase in max. flexural strength and flexural modulus is also observed compared to pure PA11 by a maximum of 63 and 54%, respectively Diatomaceous earth can be obtained in various ways-it is commercially available or it is possible to breed diatoms in laboratory conditions, while the use of commercially available diatomite, which contains diatoms of different sizes, eliminates the possibility of controlling mechanical parameters by filling biocomposites with a filler with the desired particle size distribution, and diatom breeding is not possible on an industrial scale. Our proposed biocomposite based on fractionated diatomaceous earth using a sedimentation process addresses the current need to produce biocomposite materials from natural sources, and moreover, the nature of the process, due to its simplicity, can be successfully used on an industrial scale.
无定形硅藻土被用作由天然来源获得的聚酰胺11热塑性聚合物的填料。不同尺寸的硅藻土颗粒先前通过沉降进行分级，以获得具有不同粒度分布的粉末，包括带有或不带有硅藻壳颗粒、破碎的、未破碎的或团聚的粉末。对含有2.5%、5%、10%和20%填料的生物复合材料进行了机械性能测试，包括拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度。此外，进行了粒度分析（通过动态光散射，DLS），并测定了填料在聚合物基体中的分散情况（扫描电子显微镜，SEM）、热参数（差示扫描量热法，DSC，和动态力学分析，DMA）。测试表明，用硅藻土改性的生物复合材料比参考体系具有更高的机械强度，特别是在填料用量较大时（10%和20%），例如，纯PA11的拉伸强度约为46MPa，而20OB和20OF分别为47.5MPa和47MPa，同时最大弯曲强度和弯曲模量相比纯PA11也分别最多提高了63%和54%。硅藻土可以通过多种方式获得——它有商业产品，也可以在实验室条件下培养硅藻，而使用含有不同尺寸硅藻的市售硅藻土，排除了通过用具有所需粒度分布的填料填充生物复合材料来控制机械参数的可能性，并且在工业规模上无法培养硅藻。我们提出的基于沉降过程分级硅藻土的生物复合材料满足了当前从天然来源生产生物复合材料的需求，此外，该过程的性质由于其简单性，可以成功地用于工业规模。
