Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada.
Department of Wine Science, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
Molecules. 2022 Jul 30;27(15):4892. doi: 10.3390/molecules27154892.
Vineyard exposure to wildfire smoke can taint grapes and wine. To understand the impact of this taint, it is imperative that the analytical methods used are accurate and precise. This study compared the variance across nine commercial and research laboratories following quantitative analysis of the same set of smoke-tainted wines. In parallel, correlations between the interlaboratory consensus values for smoke-taint markers and sensory analyses of the same smoke-tainted wines were evaluated. For free guaiacol, the mean accuracy was 94 ± 11% in model wine, while the free cresols and 4-methylguaiacol showed a negative bias and/or decreased precision relative to guaiacol. Similar trends were observed in smoke-tainted wines, with the cresols and glycosidically bound markers demonstrating high variance. Collectively, the interlaboratory results show that data from a single laboratory can be used quantitatively to understand smoke-taint. Results from different laboratories, however, should not be directly compared due to the high variance between study participants. Correlations between consensus compositional data and sensory evaluations suggest the risk of perceivable smoke-taint can be predicted from free cresol concentrations, overcoming limitations associated with the occurrence of some volatile phenols, guaiacol in particular, as natural constituents of some grape cultivars and of the oak used for barrel maturation.
葡萄园暴露于野火烟雾中会污染葡萄和葡萄酒。为了了解这种污染的影响，至关重要的是使用的分析方法要准确和精确。本研究比较了九个商业和研究实验室在对同一组受烟雾污染的葡萄酒进行定量分析时的差异。同时，评估了烟雾污染标志物的实验室间共识值与相同受烟雾污染的葡萄酒感官分析之间的相关性。对于游离愈创木酚，在模型葡萄酒中的平均准确度为 94±11%，而游离甲酚和 4-甲基愈创木酚的准确度呈负偏差，且相对于愈创木酚的精密度降低。在受烟雾污染的葡萄酒中也观察到类似的趋势，甲酚和糖苷结合的标志物表现出较高的变异性。总体而言，实验室间的结果表明，可以使用单个实验室的数据进行定量分析来了解烟雾污染。然而，由于研究参与者之间存在高变异性，不同实验室的结果不应直接比较。共识成分数据与感官评估之间的相关性表明，可从游离甲酚浓度预测可察觉的烟雾污染风险，克服了某些挥发性酚类物质（特别是愈创木酚）作为一些葡萄品种和用于桶陈酿的橡木的天然成分的出现所带来的限制。
