Huang Dingyan, Xiang Huimin, Ran Ran, Wang Wei, Zhou Wei, Shao Zongping
State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 Jul 28;12(15):2592. doi: 10.3390/nano12152592.
Organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received particular attention in the last decade because of the high-power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), facile fabrication route and low cost. However, one of the most crucial obstacles to hindering the commercialization of PSCs is the instability issue, which is mainly caused by the inferior quality of the perovskite films and the poor tolerance of organic hole-transporting layer (HTL) against heat and moisture. Inorganic HTL materials are regarded as promising alternatives to replace organic counterparts for stable PSCs due to the high chemical stability, wide band gap, high light transmittance and low cost. In particular, nanostructure construction is reported to be an effective strategy to boost the hole transfer capability of inorganic HTLs and then enhance the PCEs of PSCs. Herein, the recent advances in the design and fabrication of nanostructured inorganic materials as HTLs for PSCs are reviewed by highlighting the superiority of nanostructured inorganic HTLs over organic counterparts in terms of moisture and heat tolerance, hole transfer capability and light transmittance. Furthermore, several strategies to boost the performance of inorganic HTLs are proposed, including fabrication route design, functional/selectively doping, morphology control, nanocomposite construction, etc. Finally, the challenges and future research directions about nanostructured inorganic HTL-based PSCs are provided and discussed. This review presents helpful guidelines for the design and fabrication of high-efficiency and durable inorganic HTL-based PSCs.
在过去十年中，有机-无机卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）因其高功率转换效率（PCE）、简便的制备工艺和低成本而备受关注。然而，阻碍PSC商业化的最关键障碍之一是稳定性问题，这主要是由钙钛矿薄膜质量较差以及有机空穴传输层（HTL）对热和湿气的耐受性差所导致的。无机HTL材料由于具有高化学稳定性、宽带隙、高透光率和低成本，被认为是替代有机材料用于稳定PSC的有前景的选择。特别是，据报道纳米结构构建是提高无机HTL空穴传输能力从而提高PSC的PCE的有效策略。在此，通过突出纳米结构无机HTL在耐湿耐热性、空穴传输能力和透光率方面相对于有机材料的优势，综述了作为PSC的HTL的纳米结构无机材料的设计和制备方面的最新进展。此外，还提出了几种提高无机HTL性能的策略，包括制备路线设计、功能/选择性掺杂、形貌控制、纳米复合材料构建等。最后，给出并讨论了基于纳米结构无机HTL的PSC的挑战和未来研究方向。本综述为高效耐用的基于无机HTL的PSC的设计和制备提供了有益的指导。
