Crotti Gabriella, Chen Yeying, Çayci Huseyin, D'Avanzo Giovanni, Landi Carmine, Letizia Palma Sara, Luiso Mario, Mohns Enrico, Muñoz Fabio, Styblikova Renata, van den Brom Helko
Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM), Str. delle Cacce, 91, 10135 Torino, Italy.
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Parkplatz, Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Aug 4;22(15):5847. doi: 10.3390/s22155847.
The integration of renewable energy sources on a large scale in the electrical energy distribution systems, as well as the widespread of non-linear loads, has led to a significant increase in power quality (PQ) disturbances. For this reason, PQ monitoring is also becoming a key task in medium voltage (MV) grids. The measurement of PQ at MV levels can only be performed using instrument transformers (ITs) to scale down the level of voltage and current to levels suitable for the input stage of PQ instruments. However, no international standards currently require the verification of the errors introduced by ITs in the measurement of PQ phenomena. Moreover, this issue is only partially addressed in the scientific literature, where papers dealing with specific and limited aspects of the problem can be found. For this reason, this paper aims to comprehensively assess the issue, proposing IT accuracy verification tests for different PQ parameters. First, a set of PQ phenomena relevant for IT testing is chosen, as well as the associated ranges of variation, based on a review of the enforced standards and the scientific literature. For each selected PQ phenomenon, possible performance indices and test waveforms are proposed. Finally, the proposed procedure is validated by applying it to the characterization of two different types of commercial voltage transformers.
可再生能源在电能分配系统中的大规模整合以及非线性负载的广泛应用，导致电能质量（PQ）干扰显著增加。因此，PQ监测也正成为中压（MV）电网中的一项关键任务。在MV级别测量PQ只能使用仪用互感器（IT）将电压和电流水平降低到适合PQ仪器输入阶段的水平。然而，目前没有国际标准要求对IT在PQ现象测量中引入的误差进行验证。此外，科学文献中仅部分涉及了这个问题，在其中可以找到处理该问题特定且有限方面的论文。因此，本文旨在全面评估该问题，针对不同的PQ参数提出IT精度验证测试。首先，基于对现行标准和科学文献的综述，选择了一组与IT测试相关的PQ现象以及相关的变化范围。针对每个选定的PQ现象，提出了可能的性能指标和测试波形。最后，通过将所提出的程序应用于两种不同类型的商用电压互感器的特性描述来对其进行验证。
