Vasudeva Gunjan, Singh Harpreet, Paliwal Sakshi, Pinnaka Anil Kumar
MTCC-Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Jul 18;13:933373. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.933373. eCollection 2022.
The common effluent treatment plant (CETP) located at Baddi treats the industrial effluent from various industries, leading to the pooling of a diverse range of substrates and metabolites. The nutrient loading and its availability decide the balance of the microbial community and its diversity. The samples thus collected from the activated sludge (BS14) of CETP and Sirsa river (SR1) from the vicinity of CETP effluent discharge were processed for the whole metagenome analysis to reveal the microbial community and its functional potential. The taxonomic classification of the BS14 sample showed the dominance of the bacterial community with 96% of abundance, whereas the SR1 was populated by eukaryotes representing 50.4% of the community of SR1. The bacterial community of SR1 was constituted of 47.2%. The functional analysis of BS14 and SR1 with GhostKOALA against the KEGG database assigned 43.7% and 27.8% of the open reading frames (ORFs) with functions. It revealed the xenobiotic degradation modules with complete pathways along with resistance against the beta-lactams. The analysis with the comprehensive antibiotic resistance database (CARD) revealed 33 and 32 unique types of antimicrobial resistance in BS14 and SR1, respectively. Both the samples were dominated by the beta-lactam resistance genes. The carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZy) database assigned a total of 6,611 and 2,941 active enzymes to BS14 and SR1, respectively. In contrast, the glycosyl hydrolases (GH) and glycosyltransferases (GT) class of enzymes were found to be abundant in both the samples as compared with polysaccharide lyases (PL), auxiliary activities (AA), carbohydrate esterases (CE), and carbohydrate-binding module (CBM).
位于巴迪的公共污水处理厂（CETP）处理来自各个行业的工业废水，导致各种底物和代谢产物的汇集。养分负荷及其可用性决定了微生物群落的平衡及其多样性。因此，从CETP的活性污泥（BS14）和CETP废水排放附近的锡尔萨河（SR1）采集的样本进行了全宏基因组分析，以揭示微生物群落及其功能潜力。BS14样本的分类学分析显示细菌群落占主导地位，丰度为96%，而SR1中真核生物占50.4%。SR1的细菌群落占47.2%。使用GhostKOALA对KEGG数据库进行的BS14和SR1功能分析分别将43.7%和27.8%的开放阅读框（ORF）赋予了功能。它揭示了具有完整途径的外源生物降解模块以及对β-内酰胺的抗性。使用综合抗生素抗性数据库（CARD）进行的分析分别在BS14和SR1中揭示了33种和32种独特的抗菌抗性类型。两个样本均以β-内酰胺抗性基因为主。碳水化合物活性酶（CAZy）数据库分别为BS14和SR1分配了总共6611种和2941种活性酶。相比之下，与多糖裂解酶（PL）、辅助活性（AA）、碳水化合物酯酶（CE）和碳水化合物结合模块（CBM）相比，糖苷水解酶（GH）和糖基转移酶（GT）类酶在两个样本中都很丰富。
