Henshaw S K, Forrest J D, Van Vort J
Fam Plann Perspect. 1987 Mar-Apr;19(2):63-70.
In 1984 and 1985, the number of abortions, the abortion rate and the abortion ratio stayed at approximately the same levels as in the previous three years. Just under 1.6 million abortions were performed, about three percent of women of reproductive age obtained an abortion, and about 30 percent of pregnancies (excluding those ending in stillbirths and miscarriages) were terminated by abortion. However, the number of abortion providers declined by five percent between 1982 and 1985, and the geographic distribution of abortion services continued to be markedly uneven. Eighty-two percent of all U.S. counties--50 percent of those classified as metropolitan and 91 percent of those classified as nonmetropolitan--lacked an abortion provider in 1985. The long-term trend away from hospital abortions persisted during the period: Eighty-seven percent of the abortions performed in 1985 were done in nonhospital facilities, an increase of five percentage points over the 1982 level. Although abortion clinics constituted only 15 percent of all providers, they were responsible for 60 percent of the procedures performed in 1985. Among all abortion facilities, only 43 percent provided services to women after the 12th week of pregnancy. Abortion clinics were far more likely to offer second-trimester procedures than were other types of abortion providers (75 percent, compared with 13-50 percent). As of mid-1986, charges for a first-trimester nonhospital abortion ranged from $75 to nearly $900. The average amount paid was $213. In 1985, only 39 percent of nonhospital abortion facilities accepted state reimbursement for abortions provided to low-income women, and only 55 percent of facilities offered some reduction in charges to such women.
1984年和1985年，堕胎数量、堕胎率和堕胎比例与前三年大致保持在相同水平。进行了近160万例堕胎手术，约3%的育龄妇女进行了堕胎，约30%的怀孕（不包括死产和流产）通过堕胎终止。然而，1982年至1985年间，堕胎服务提供者的数量下降了5%，堕胎服务的地理分布仍然明显不均衡。1985年，美国82%的县——50%的大都市县和91%的非大都市县——没有堕胎服务提供者。在此期间，远离医院堕胎的长期趋势仍在持续：1985年进行的堕胎手术中有87%是在非医院设施中进行的，比1982年的水平增加了5个百分点。尽管堕胎诊所仅占所有提供者的15%，但它们在1985年进行的手术中占60%。在所有堕胎设施中，只有43%为怀孕12周后的妇女提供服务。与其他类型的堕胎服务提供者相比，堕胎诊所提供孕中期手术的可能性要大得多（75%，而其他类型为13% - 50%）。截至1986年年中，孕早期非医院堕胎的费用从75美元到近900美元不等。平均支付金额为213美元。1985年，只有39%的非医院堕胎设施接受州政府为低收入妇女提供堕胎的报销，只有55%的设施为这类妇女提供一定的费用减免。
