Modi Kiran, Kalra Gurneet Kaur, Roy Sudeshna
Udayan Care, Delhi, India.
National Institute of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi, India.
J Child Adolesc Trauma. 2021 Nov 1;15(3):755-769. doi: 10.1007/s40653-021-00418-1. eCollection 2022 Sep.
India has approximately 23 million children without parental care, who need alternative forms of care (MOSPI, 2018). Udayan Care, an NGO, designed an innovative group care model for children and youth in need of care and protection, implementing the indigenously developed LIFE (Living in Family Environment) strategy in 17 Udayan Ghars. (Sunshine Homes). With child participation as a core pillar, Udayan Care developed a Questionnaire to Assess the Needs of Children in Care (QANCC) in 2011, which is to be filled up by children annually, as a longitudinal study. The tool is conceived to ascertain whether children in the Ghars perceived if their rights were being fulfilled and that their needs were being addressed. With "meaningful participation" of children stipulated by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), the objective was to develop an evidence-based tool to assess the views of children on the services meted out to them, from their standpoint, and inform actual care practices annually. The self-assessment tool consists of questions, assessing the four dimensions of basic/fundamental, emotional, educational, and interpersonal needs, on a four-point Likert rating scale. A convenient purposive sampling is done on children, aged 10 to 18 years, who receive care and protection at the Ghars, and have resided there for a minimum of 6 months. This paper has two objectives, where at one end, the deductions of the previous years' data are made (2011-12 to 2016-17) with demarcating the differences with year 2018-19 data and at the second level, there is an update on the efforts made to establish the reliability and validity of the tool and create a standardized tool that can be implemented by other child care organizations in India. The paper illustrates how listening to direct voices of children and incorporating their inputs into actual care practice, can go a long way in improving the holistic wellness of children living in an alternative care setting. The results indicate that all needs of the majority of the children in Udayan Ghars.
印度约有2300万儿童缺乏父母照料,他们需要其他形式的照料(印度统计和计划执行部,2018年)。非政府组织“乌代安关爱”为需要照料和保护的儿童及青少年设计了一种创新的集体照料模式,在17所“乌代安之家”(阳光之家)实施了自主研发的“生活在家庭环境中”(LIFE)战略。以儿童参与为核心支柱,“乌代安关爱”在2011年编制了一份《寄养儿童需求评估问卷》(QANCC),作为一项纵向研究,每年由儿童填写。该工具旨在确定“之家”中的儿童是否认为自己的权利得到了实现,需求得到了满足。根据《联合国儿童权利公约》(UNCRC)规定的儿童“有意义的参与”,目标是开发一种基于证据的工具,从儿童的角度评估他们对所接受服务的看法,并每年为实际照料工作提供参考。这种自我评估工具由一些问题组成,这些问题在四点李克特量表上评估基本/根本需求、情感需求、教育需求和人际需求这四个维度。对年龄在10至18岁、在“之家”接受照料和保护且至少已在那里居住6个月的儿童进行便利的立意抽样。本文有两个目标,一方面对前几年(2011 - 12年至2016 - 17年)的数据进行推断,并与2018 - 19年的数据划定差异,另一方面更新为确立该工具的信度和效度所做的努力,并创建一个可供印度其他儿童照料组织使用的标准化工具。本文阐述了倾听儿童的直接声音并将他们的意见纳入实际照料工作,对于改善生活在替代照料环境中的儿童的整体健康状况大有帮助。结果表明,“乌代安之家”中大多数儿童的所有需求…… (原文此处似乎不完整)