Huang Shouju, Qian Shuxia
The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China.
Front Neurosci. 2022 Jul 26;16:956200. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.956200. eCollection 2022.
Otoliths are biological crystals formed by a layer of calcium carbonate crystal that adhere to the ciliary surface of the utricular and saccular receptors in the vestibule of all vertebrates inner ear, enabling the utricle and saccule to better perceive the changes in linear and gravitational acceleration. However, the molecular etiology of otolith related diseases is still unclear. In this review, we have summarized the recent findings and provided an overview of the proteins that play important roles in otolith formation and maintenance (Otoconin-90, Otolin-1, Otolith Matrix Protein-1, Cochlin, Otogelin, α-Tectorin, β-Tectorin, Otopetrin-1, and Otopetrin-2, PMCA2, etc.), providing new insight for the prevention and management of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) with basis for otolith-related proteins as potential biomarkers of vestibular disease.
耳石是由一层碳酸钙晶体形成的生物晶体，附着于所有脊椎动物内耳前庭椭圆囊和球囊感受器的纤毛表面，使椭圆囊和球囊能够更好地感知线性加速度和重力加速度的变化。然而，耳石相关疾病的分子病因仍不清楚。在本综述中，我们总结了最近的研究发现，并概述了在耳石形成和维持中起重要作用的蛋白质（耳石素-90、耳石素-1、耳石基质蛋白-1、耳蜗蛋白、耳胶蛋白、α-耳蝰蛋白、β-耳蝰蛋白、耳石蛋白-1、耳石蛋白-2、质膜钙泵2等），为良性阵发性位置性眩晕（BPPV）的预防和管理提供了新的见解，并为将耳石相关蛋白作为前庭疾病潜在生物标志物奠定了基础。
