Ishibashi Sumiko, Taniguchi Mamoru
Master's Program in Policy and Planning Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Japan.
Faculty of Engineering, Information and Systems, University of Tsukuba, Japan.
Transp Res Interdiscip Perspect. 2022 Sep;15:100657. doi: 10.1016/j.trip.2022.100657. Epub 2022 Jul 21.
The importance of daily trips as the daily general physical activity (PA) generator has been attracting more attention than ever. Workers had been obtaining certain amount of PA by commuting; however, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought a rapid spread of teleworking, which may lead to a loss of PA. To analyze the effect of workstyle change on the PA amounts, we assessed diary data from three time points in Japan: Before, During, and After the first lockdown in April 2020. Participants (n = 4,484) were divided according to workstyle change patterns. Their PA amounts were calculated by associating metabolic equivalent (MET) values with their diary data. Purposes of the trips were considered to distinguish the pure workstyle change effect and the lockdown effect. Workers' health consciousness was also examined from a questionnaire survey. Results revealed that telework drastically reduces PA associated with daily trips for any transport mode. Teleworkers tend to make more non-commuting trips than commuters, but the PA amount associated with total daily trips is higher for commuters. Young workers who newly started teleworking during the pandemic significantly reduced PA. Women teleworkers tend to have less PA amount than men during the lockdown. Workers who had been teleworking since before the COVID-19 pandemic had the lowest consciousness about the health effects of daily trip reduction. Continuous and courteous support aimed at maintaining a certain amount of PA with daily trips and exercise habits might be a key measure to safeguard worker health, especially for the young teleworkers in a long-term.
日常出行作为日常总体身体活动（PA）的产生方式，其重要性正受到前所未有的关注。工人们过去通过通勤获得一定量的身体活动；然而，新冠疫情使远程办公迅速普及，这可能导致身体活动量减少。为了分析工作方式变化对身体活动量的影响，我们评估了日本三个时间点的日记数据：2020年4月首次封锁之前、期间和之后。参与者（n = 4484）根据工作方式变化模式进行划分。他们的身体活动量通过将代谢当量（MET）值与日记数据相关联来计算。考虑出行目的以区分纯粹的工作方式变化效应和封锁效应。还通过问卷调查考察了工人的健康意识。结果显示，对于任何交通方式，远程办公都会大幅减少与日常出行相关的身体活动。远程工作者比通勤者倾向于进行更多非通勤出行，但通勤者与每日总出行相关的身体活动量更高。在疫情期间新开始远程工作的年轻工人身体活动量显著减少。在封锁期间，女性远程工作者的身体活动量往往比男性少。在新冠疫情之前就一直远程工作的工人对日常出行减少对健康影响的意识最低。旨在通过日常出行和锻炼习惯维持一定量身体活动的持续且周到的支持，可能是保障工人健康的关键措施，尤其是对长期的年轻远程工作者而言。
