Lépine Lopez Anaïs, Fecteau Geneviève, Desgroseillers Benoit, Pinard Isabelle, Hurtubise Anick, Tanguay Pascal, Corbière Marc
Université du Québec à Montréal, Québec, Canada ; Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Association canadienne pour la santé mentale, Canada.
Sante Ment Que. 2023 Spring;48(1):17-47.
Objectives Since the 2000s, telework became common practice with the advent of telecommunication technologies. In the lockdown context linked to the COVID-19 pandemic, telework became the norm. The literature indicates that telework can have positive effects (e.g., reduction of commuting) but can also create challenges in terms of work-life balance, productivity at work and relationships within the work collective. Few studies focused on the elements that allow teleworkers to accomplish their work tasks optimally in the pandemic context. This study aimed to identify workers' best practices in telework by bringing forward the strategies they put into practice. More precisely, this study aimed at surveying teleworkers on their winning strategies in telework in order to 1) promote their work-life balance (and vice-versa) and their productivity in telework; and 2) promote their relationship with their immediate supervisor and their colleagues. Method This study allowed us to survey, using LimeSurvey, 318 teleworks in the general population and 405 teleworkers in a large health centre in Québec. We analysed these strategies using thematic analysis with inter judge agreement. Results Our results generated 72 winning strategies used by many teleworkers, to keep a balance between their professional life and their personal life (and vice versa), and promote their productivity at work. These strategies were grouped into 12 large categories. The questions regarding relationships with the work collective generated 41 strategies grouped into five large categories. Strategies mentioned the most frequently touched on notions of structure/routine, organisation of activities, clear separation between personal life and professional life, physical space dedicated to work, familiarity with communication technologies, and holding regular work meetings. Conclusion This study presents an extensive range of winning strategies used by teleworkers. Results highlight the importance of having guidance and support from colleagues and the immediate supervisor. Also, having access to an adequate home workspace, and the presence of a regular work schedule and a routine allows teleworkers to ensure their productivity and keep a good work-life balance. Telework seems to be a noteworthy work mode and deserves a better structural ground to assure workers' wellbeing and success.
目标 自21世纪以来，随着电信技术的出现，远程工作成为常见做法。在与新冠疫情相关的封锁背景下，远程工作成为常态。文献表明，远程工作可能有积极影响（如减少通勤），但在工作与生活的平衡、工作效率以及工作集体中的人际关系方面也会带来挑战。很少有研究关注在疫情背景下使远程工作者能够最佳完成工作任务的因素。本研究旨在通过提出远程工作者实施的策略来确定他们在远程工作中的最佳实践。更确切地说，本研究旨在就远程工作者在远程工作中的成功策略进行调查，以便：1）促进他们在远程工作中的工作与生活平衡（反之亦然）以及工作效率；2）促进他们与直属上级和同事的关系。方法 本研究使我们能够通过LimeSurvey对普通人群中的318名远程工作者和魁北克一家大型健康中心的405名远程工作者进行调查。我们使用主题分析和评判间一致性对这些策略进行了分析。结果 我们的结果产生了许多远程工作者使用的72种成功策略，以在职业生活和个人生活之间保持平衡（反之亦然），并提高他们的工作效率。这些策略被归为12大类。关于与工作集体关系的问题产生了41种策略，归为五大类。提及最频繁的策略涉及结构/日常、活动组织、个人生活与职业生活的明确区分、专门用于工作的物理空间、对通信技术的熟悉程度以及定期召开工作会议等概念。结论 本研究展示了远程工作者使用的广泛成功策略。结果凸显了获得同事和直属上级的指导与支持的重要性。此外，拥有合适的家庭工作空间以及有规律的工作时间表和日常安排，能使远程工作者确保工作效率并保持良好的工作与生活平衡。远程工作似乎是一种值得关注的工作模式，需要更好的结构基础来确保工作者的幸福和成功。
