Martins Alexandre Duarte, Fernandes Orlando, Oliveira Rafael, Bilro Vitor, Lopes Gabriel, Rego António Maia, Parraça José A, Raimundo Armando Manuel Mendonça, Brito João Paulo
Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Largo dos Colegiais 2, 7004-516, Évora 7000-727, Portugal; Sports Science School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Rio Maior 2040-413, Portugal; Life Quality Research Centre, Rio Maior 2040-413, Portugal.
Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Largo dos Colegiais 2, 7004-516, Évora 7000-727, Portugal.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2022 Nov-Dec;103:104787. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104787. Epub 2022 Aug 5.
The purpose of this study was to calculate the effects of exercise programs on phase angle (PhA) in older people. A systematic review was undertaken in multiple electronic databases in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement guidelines for the purposes of selecting randomized controlled trials that measured the effects of the exercise programs on PhA in older adults on 31 March 2022. We carried out a random-effect meta-analysis for the effects of exercise programs on PhA. Additionally, we analysed the differences between subgroups in terms of weekly frequency, number of sets and repetitions, and duration of interventions. Studies were methodological assessed through the PEDro scale where one had excellent, ten had good, and three had poor methodological quality. For the purposes of the study, fourteen studies met the criteria for inclusion. However, four studies did not have enough information to be included in the quantitative analysis. The remaining ten articles revealed moderate effects on PhA in favour of intervention groups (p=0.009, SMD=0.72 [0.46-0.99], I=54%). The meta-analysis also showed that interventions lasting twelve weeks are more successful in generating positive effects on PhA as opposed to eight weeks (SMD's=0.79 vs. 0.64, respectively). These results indicate that resistance training (RT) is an effective and safe to improve PhA in the older people, especially through RT programs lasting from eight to twelve weeks. A novel finding of this study was that RT is the most used type of exercise by authors when assessing the PhA in older adults.
本研究的目的是计算运动计划对老年人相位角（PhA）的影响。根据系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目声明指南，于2022年3月31日在多个电子数据库中进行了一项系统评价，以选择测量运动计划对老年人PhA影响的随机对照试验。我们对运动计划对PhA的影响进行了随机效应Meta分析。此外，我们分析了亚组之间在每周频率、组数和重复次数以及干预持续时间方面的差异。通过PEDro量表对研究进行方法学评估，其中1项研究方法学质量优秀，10项研究良好，3项研究较差。就本研究而言，14项研究符合纳入标准。然而，4项研究没有足够的信息纳入定量分析。其余10篇文章显示干预组对PhA有中度影响（p=0.009，标准化均数差[SMD]=0.72[0.46 - 0.99]，I²=54%）。Meta分析还表明，与8周的干预相比，持续12周的干预在对PhA产生积极影响方面更成功（SMD分别为0.79和0.64）。这些结果表明，抗阻训练（RT）对于改善老年人的PhA是有效且安全的，尤其是通过持续8至12周的RT计划。本研究的一个新发现是，在评估老年人的PhA时，RT是作者最常用的运动类型。
