Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru; Instituto de Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud e Investigación - IETSI, EsSalud, Lima, Peru.
Grupo Peruano de Investigación Epidemiológica, Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencia en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru; Escuela Professional de Medicina Humana, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru.
Travel Med Infect Dis. 2022 Nov-Dec;50:102409. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102409. Epub 2022 Aug 9.
Booster doses have been described as effective in reducing hospitalizations and deaths from the new variants. However, its coverage is heterogeneous in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), one of the regions most affected by the pandemic. We aimed to assess the factors associated with not receiving a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine booster dose in adults from LAC.
We analyzed a secondary database compiled by the University of Maryland and Facebook assessing the global impact of COVID-19. We included Facebook users over 18 years of age who resided in LAC and responded to the survey between February 13, 2022, and March 14, 2022. We evaluated sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, food, and economic insecurity, mental health, and vaccination-related practices. We calculated crude (cPR) and adjusted (aPR) prevalence ratios with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).
The sample included 154,841 adults from 20 LAC countries. 33.7% (n = 46,459) reported not receiving the COVID-19 booster vaccine. Being under 75 years old, having a college, high school, pre-university, primary, or lower education, having no or 1 to 2 comorbidities, living in a town, having food insecurity, depressive symptoms, and having had COVID-19, were associated with a higher prevalence of not receiving the booster dose. In contrast, being female or non-binary and having anxiety symptoms were associated with a lower prevalence of not receiving the booster dose.
Approximately three out of 10 adults surveyed in LAC reported not having received the booster vaccine. Authorities must design campaigns that promote receiving a booster dose considering the factors found.
已发现加强针可有效降低新型变异株导致的住院和死亡人数。然而，在受大流行影响最严重的地区之一拉丁美洲和加勒比（LAC），加强针的接种覆盖率存在差异。本研究旨在评估 LAC 地区成年人未接种新型冠状病毒病 2019（COVID-19）疫苗加强针的相关因素。
我们分析了马里兰大学和 Facebook 编制的一个二次数据库，以评估 COVID-19 的全球影响。我们纳入了年龄在 18 岁以上、居住在 LAC 并于 2022 年 2 月 13 日至 2022 年 3 月 14 日期间回复调查的 Facebook 用户。我们评估了社会人口学特征、合并症、食品和经济不安全、心理健康以及与疫苗接种相关的做法。我们计算了粗（cPR）和调整（aPR）患病率比及其相应的 95%置信区间（95%CI）。
该样本包括来自 20 个 LAC 国家的 154841 名成年人。33.7%（n=46459）报告未接种 COVID-19 加强疫苗。与未接种加强疫苗的成年人相比，年龄在 75 岁以下、接受过大学、高中、预科、小学或更低教育、有 1-2 种合并症、居住在城镇、存在食品不安全、有抑郁症状和曾感染 COVID-19 的成年人，其更有可能未接种加强针。相比之下，女性或非二元性别以及有焦虑症状的成年人更有可能接种加强针。
LAC 地区大约有十分之三的成年人报告称未接种加强疫苗。当局必须设计相关活动，以促进接种加强针，并考虑到发现的这些因素。
