Srem-Sai Medina, Hagan John Elvis, Ogum Prosper Narteh, Schack Thomas
Department of Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Sports, University of Education, Winneba, Ghana.
Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Front Sports Act Living. 2022 Jul 28;4:938619. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2022.938619. eCollection 2022.
Globally, job-related stress has been classified as a health epidemic which is common among many individuals across diverse populations. Despite this established knowledge, research has primarily focused on the general population and among health workers. Therefore, understanding stress related experiences in the context of professional sport would help design appropriate stress management interventions for effective coping. The overarching aim of this research was to assess occupational stress related experiences among players and coaches in the Ghana premier league. The study sought to assess: (1) the prevalence and sources of stressors among players and coaches, and (2) how age and years of experience influenced the stressors they experienced. Using a census survey, 44 premier league coaches and 424 players who were officially registered by 17 premier league clubs completed the intensity dimension of the Organizational Stressor Indicator for Sport Performers which has 5 subscales namely: Goals and Development, Logistics and Operations, Team and Culture, Coaching and Selection. Descriptive statistics (means and standard deviation) and multivariate analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. The results revealed that stressors were prevalent among football players and coaches, with these being significantly more dominant among coaches, < 0.001. Selection was identified as the most predominant stressor for coaches (i.e., selecting players to play) and players (i.e., being selected). Age and experience were found not to be significant predictors of stressors for players and coaches in Ghana. Findings suggest that generally, stressors are common among football players and coaches, especially on issues related to selection. Sport psychologists and team managers in the various premier league clubs should incorporate appropriate interventions (e.g., stress inoculation training) aimed at providing adequate psychological support to promote players' and coaches' wellbeing.
在全球范围内，工作相关压力已被归类为一种健康流行病，在不同人群中的许多个体中都很常见。尽管有这一既定认知，但研究主要集中在普通人群和卫生工作者中。因此，了解职业体育背景下与压力相关的经历将有助于设计适当的压力管理干预措施以实现有效应对。本研究的总体目标是评估加纳超级联赛球员和教练中与职业压力相关的经历。该研究旨在评估：（1）球员和教练中压力源的患病率和来源，以及（2）年龄和经验如何影响他们所经历的压力源。通过普查，由17家超级联赛俱乐部正式注册的44名超级联赛教练和424名球员完成了体育表演者组织压力指标的强度维度，该指标有5个子量表，即：目标与发展、后勤与运营、团队与文化、教练与选拔。使用描述性统计（均值和标准差）和多变量方差分析来分析数据。结果显示，压力源在足球运动员和教练中普遍存在，教练中的压力源更为显著，<0.001。选拔被确定为教练（即挑选球员参赛）和球员（即被选中）最主要的压力源。研究发现，年龄和经验并非加纳球员和教练压力源的显著预测因素。研究结果表明，总体而言，压力源在足球运动员和教练中很常见，尤其是在与选拔相关的问题上。各超级联赛俱乐部的运动心理学家和球队经理应纳入适当的干预措施（如压力接种训练），旨在提供充分的心理支持以促进球员和教练的福祉。
