Liu Ying, Zhang Qin, Jiang Fugui, Zhong Hua, Huang Lei, Zhang Yang, Chen Hong
West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Postgraduate Students, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Jul 29;13:919176. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.919176. eCollection 2022.
Sleep disturbance and mental health are challenges for healthcare workers (HCWs). Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, they experienced more severe sleep and mental health problems. However, the association between sleep disturbance and the mental health of HCWs is still controversial. This study aimed to systematically review the relationship by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Two researchers retrieved the literature from Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Psyclnfo, and Cochrane Library from the establishment of the databases until November 20, 2021. We used the New Castle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) to evaluate the risk of bias in prospective research and cross-sectional research, respectively. The major exposure was HCWs' sleep disturbance, and the major outcome was mental health. The correlation coefficients (), regression coefficients (β) and odds ratios (OR) of the included studies were integrated.
Fifty-nine studies were included for qualitative analysis, of which 30 studies could be combined and entered into quantitative analysis. There were 23 studies during the COVID-19 pandemic among the 59 included studies. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the correlation coefficient between sleep disturbance and mental health was 0.43 (95% CI: 0.39-0.47). HCWs with sleep disturbance had a 3.74 (95% CI: 2.76-5.07) times higher risk of mental health problems than those without sleep disturbance. The correlation coefficient during the COVID-19 epidemic was 0.45 (95% CI: 0.37-0.53), while it was 0.40 (95% CI: 0.36-0.44) during the non-epidemic period. Subgroup analysis compared the OR results in epidemic and non-epidemic periods of COVID-19, which were 4.48 (95% CI: 2.75-5.07) and 3.74 (95% CI: 2.74-7.32), respectively.
Sleep disturbance and mental health problems were positively correlated among HCWs. Particularly in the COVID-19 pandemic, more attention should be given to this issue.
睡眠障碍和心理健康是医护人员面临的挑战。尤其是在新冠疫情期间，他们经历了更严重的睡眠和心理健康问题。然而，睡眠障碍与医护人员心理健康之间的关联仍存在争议。本研究旨在通过系统评价和荟萃分析来系统地回顾两者之间的关系。
两名研究人员从科学网、PubMed、EMBASE、CINAHL、Psyclnfo和Cochrane图书馆检索了从数据库建立至2021年11月20日的文献。我们分别使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表（NOS）和医疗保健研究与质量局（AHRQ）来评估前瞻性研究和横断面研究中的偏倚风险。主要暴露因素是医护人员的睡眠障碍，主要结局是心理健康。对纳入研究的相关系数（）、回归系数（β）和比值比（OR）进行整合。
纳入59项研究进行定性分析，其中30项研究可合并并纳入定量分析。在纳入的59项研究中，有23项研究是在新冠疫情期间进行的。荟萃分析结果显示，睡眠障碍与心理健康之间的相关系数为0.43（95%CI：0.39 - 0.47）。有睡眠障碍的医护人员出现心理健康问题的风险比无睡眠障碍的医护人员高3.74倍（95%CI：2.76 - 5.07）。新冠疫情期间的相关系数为0.45（95%CI：0.37 - 0.53），而非疫情期间为0.40（95%CI：0.36 - 0.44）。亚组分析比较了新冠疫情流行期和非流行期的OR结果，分别为4.48（95%CI：2.75 - 5.07）和3.74（95%CI：2.74 - 7.32）。
医护人员的睡眠障碍与心理健康问题呈正相关。特别是在新冠疫情期间，应更加关注这一问题。
