Comparison of three non-insulin-based insulin resistance indexes in predicting the presence and severity of coronary artery disease.

BACKGROUND

Insulin resistance (IR) has emerged as a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CAD), but there is currently insufficient data on the association of non-insulin-based IR indexes [triglyceride (TG)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index, and metabolic score for IR (METS-IR)] with the presence and severity of CAD. Thus, the present study aimed to examine the relationship between these three non-insulin-based IR indexes and CAD, as well as to further compare the predictive values of each index.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In total, 802 consecutive patients who underwent coronary angiography for suspected CAD from January 2016 to April 2017 were included in this study and were divided into the control group ( = 149) and CAD group ( = 653) according to the angiography results. The triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, triglyceride and glucose index (TyG index), and METS-IR were calculated according to the corresponding formulas. The severity of CAD was evaluated using the Gensini score (GS). The relationship of the TG/HDL-C ratio, TyG index, and METS-IR with CAD was analyzed, and the predictive values of the indexes were compared.

RESULTS

The TG/HDL-C ratio, TyG index, and METS-IR in the CAD group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The TG/HDL-C ratio and METS-IR in the high GS group were significantly higher than those in the non-high GS group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the TG/HDL-C ratio and METS-IR were independent predictors for the presence of CAD {adjusted odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 1.32 (1.02-1.70) and 1.65 (1.32-2.05), respectively}, whereas only the METS-IR was an independent predictor of the severity of CAD [adjusted OR (95% CI): 1.22 (1.02-1.47)]. Further subgroup analysis indicated that statistical significance was observed only among men, younger patients (≤ 60), and patients with prediabetes mellitus (PDM). Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the METS-IR had the highest predictive value for the prediction of both the presence and severity of CAD.

CONCLUSION

The TG/HDL-C ratio, TyG index, and METS-IR are valuable predictors of the presence and severity of CAD, and the METS-IR has the highest predictive value among the three non-insulin-based IR indexes.