居家锻炼对社区居住老年人跌倒的影响：一项伞状综述。
Effect of home-based exercise on falls in community-dwelling older adults: an umbrella review.
作者信息
Shafizadeh Mohsen, Parvinpour Shahab, Ali Khalid
机构信息
Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
Motor Behavior Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, No.43.South Mofatteh Ave, Tehran, 15719-14911 Iran.
出版信息
Sport Sci Health. 2022 Aug 9:1-14. doi: 10.1007/s11332-022-00993-2.
AIMS
The aim of this review study was to examine the effectiveness of home-based and community-based exercise programmes in the rate of falls and improving physical functioning in community-dwelling older adults.
METHODS
All types of home-based and community-based exercise interventions were searched. From 1186 studies identified, 14 studies were selected for the umbrella review. Most studies had high methodological quality. The types of interventions were multi-functional programmes ( = 11 studies) and Otago Exercise Programme (OEP) ( = 3 studies).
RESULTS
The results showed that home-based and community-based exercise interventions can reduce falls by 22-32%. Studies that included meta-analysis showed that the clinical significance of home-based interventions in fall prevention and improving physical function was moderate to high.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, home-based and community-based exercise interventions are a safe, effective, and feasible method of fall prevention that could be implemented with minimum supervision by allied health professionals to maximise autonomy, self-efficacy, and adherence in community-dwelling older adults.
目的
本综述研究旨在探讨居家和社区锻炼计划对社区居住老年人跌倒发生率及改善身体功能的有效性。
方法
检索了所有类型的居家和社区锻炼干预措施。从1186项已识别的研究中，选择了14项研究进行汇总分析。大多数研究具有较高的方法学质量。干预类型为多功能计划（=11项研究）和奥塔哥锻炼计划（OEP）（=3项研究）。
结果
结果表明，居家和社区锻炼干预可使跌倒减少22%-32%。纳入荟萃分析的研究表明，居家干预在预防跌倒和改善身体功能方面的临床意义为中度至高。
结论
总之，居家和社区锻炼干预是一种安全、有效且可行的预防跌倒方法，可在联合健康专业人员的最少监督下实施，以最大限度地提高社区居住老年人的自主性、自我效能感和依从性。
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