Flor María, Ortuño Armando, Guirao Begoña
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
University Institute of the Water and the Environmental Sciences, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2022 Jul 27;13:951258. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.951258. eCollection 2022.
The transport and mobility sector is experiencing profound transformations. These changes are mainly due to: environmental awareness, the increase in the population of large urban areas and the size of cities, the aging of the population and the emergence of relevant technological innovations that have changed consumption habits, such as electronic commerce or the sharing economy. The introduction of new services such as Uber or Cabify is transforming urban and metropolitan mobility, which has to adapt to this new scenario and the very concept of mobility.
Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate whether ride-hailing platforms substitute or complement public transport to reduce accident rates, considering the two basic transport zones of Madrid: "The Central Almond" and the periphery.
The data were collected from the 21 districts of Madrid for the period 2013-2019, and they were analyzed by a Random Effects Negative Binominal model.
The results obtained in this study suggest that since the arrival of Uber and Cabify to the municipality of Madrid the number of fatalities and serious injuries in traffic accidents has been reduced. Traffic accidents on weekends and holidays, with at least one serious injury or death, have also been reduced. However, the number of minor injuries has increased in the central districts of Madrid.
Overall, what was found in this study supports the hypothesis that these services replace the urban buses. However, these services improve the supply to users with greater difficulties to access taxis or public transport, constituting an alternative mode of transport for high-risk drivers. Therefore, such findings may be quite useful for policy makers to better define regulatory policies for these services.
交通运输和出行领域正在经历深刻变革。这些变化主要归因于：环保意识、大城市地区人口及城市规模的增长、人口老龄化以及电子商务或共享经济等改变消费习惯的相关技术创新的出现。优步（Uber）或卡比菲（Cabify）等新服务的引入正在改变城市和大都市的出行方式，出行方式必须适应这种新情况以及出行的概念本身。
因此，本研究的目的是评估网约车平台是替代还是补充公共交通以降低事故率，研究范围涵盖马德里的两个基本交通区域：“中央杏仁区”和周边地区。
收集了马德里21个区2013 - 2019年期间的数据，并通过随机效应负二项式模型进行分析。
本研究获得的结果表明，自优步和卡比菲进入马德里市以来，交通事故中的死亡人数和重伤人数有所减少。周末和节假日发生的至少造成一人重伤或死亡的交通事故也有所减少。然而，马德里市中心区的轻伤人数有所增加。
总体而言，本研究的发现支持了这些服务替代城市公交车的假设。然而，这些服务改善了对乘坐出租车或公共交通有较大困难的用户的服务供给，为高风险驾驶者构成了一种替代出行方式。因此，这些研究结果可能对政策制定者更好地界定这些服务的监管政策非常有用。
