Department of Molecular Genetic Biotechnology, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea.
Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea.
Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2023 Sep;43(6):870-883. doi: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2092715. Epub 2022 Aug 15.
Plant-based pretreatment biorefining is the initial triggering process in biomass-conversion to bio-based chemical products. In view of chemical sustainability, the raw plant-based pretreatment biorefining process is more favorable than the fossil-based one. Its direct use contributes to reducing CO emissions and the production cost of the target products by eliminating costly steps, such as the separation and purification of intermediates. Three types of feedstock plant resources have been utilized as raw plant feedstock sources, such as: lignocellulosic, starchy, and inulin-rich feedstock plants. These plant sources can be directly used for bio-based chemical products. To enhance the efficiency of their pretreatment biorefining process, well-designed biomodification schemes are discussed in this review to afford important information on useful biomodification approaches. For lignocellulosic feedstock plants, the enzymes and regulatory elements involved in lignin reduction are discussed using: COMT, GAUT4, CSE, PvMYB4 repressor, etc. For inulin-rich feedstock plants, 1-SST, 1-FFT, 1-FEH, and endoinulinase are illustrated in relation with the reduction of chain length of inulin polymer. For starchy feedstock plants, their biomodification is targeted to enhancing the depolymerization efficiency of starch to glucose monomer units. For this biomodification target, six candidates are discussed. These are SBE I, SBE IIa, SBE IIb, GBSS I, PTSTI, GWD 1, and PTSTI. The biomodification strategies discussed here promise to be conducive to enhancing the efficiency of the plant-based pretreatment biorefining process.
植物基预处理生物炼制是生物质转化为生物基化学品的初始触发过程。就化学可持续性而言，基于植物的原始预处理生物炼制过程比基于化石的过程更有利。通过消除中间产物的分离和纯化等昂贵步骤，其直接使用有助于降低 CO 排放和目标产品的生产成本。已经利用了三种类型的原料植物资源作为原料植物原料，例如：木质纤维素、淀粉和菊粉丰富的原料植物。这些植物来源可以直接用于生物基化学品。为了提高其预处理生物炼制过程的效率，本文讨论了精心设计的生物修饰方案，为有用的生物修饰方法提供了重要信息。对于木质纤维素原料植物，讨论了涉及木质素还原的酶和调节元件，如：COMT、GAUT4、CSE、PvMYB4 抑制剂等。对于菊粉丰富的原料植物，1-SST、1-FFT、1-FEH 和内切菊粉酶与菊粉聚合物链长的缩短有关。对于淀粉原料植物，其生物修饰旨在提高淀粉解聚效率至葡萄糖单体单元。对于这个生物修饰目标，讨论了六个候选物：SBE I、SBE IIa、SBE IIb、GBSS I、PTSTI、GWD 1 和 PTSTI。本文讨论的生物修饰策略有望有助于提高植物基预处理生物炼制过程的效率。
