Naqvi Syed Akbar Raza, Mobashsher Ahmed Toaha, Mohammed Beadaa, Foong Damien, Abbosh Amin
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2023 Feb;70(2):628-639. doi: 10.1109/TBME.2022.3199094. Epub 2023 Jan 19.
This paper aims to characterize Non-Melanoma malignancies and their corresponding benign conditions in ex-vivo/in-vivo tissue environments to study the feasibility of microwave techniques for skin cancer detection.
The dielectric dataset is developed across the frequency band 1 to 14 GHz using Keysight slim-form and RG405 probe characterization systems. The acquired reflection data captured by the systems is converted to dielectric values using the Open-Water-Short and Open-Water-Liquid calibration methods, respectively. Furthermore, the impact of anaesthesia application during skin excision procedure on ex-vivo dielectric data is investigated.
The observations suggest that the dielectric properties (DPs) of excised skin lesions may not accurately represent actual tissue properties as they vary significantly (Dielectric Constant Contrast = 30.7%, Loss-Factor Contrast = 66.6%) compared to pre-excision conditions. In-vivo dielectric data analysis indicates that when compared to healthy skin, malignant Basal Cell Carcinoma presents increased DPs (dielectric constant & loss factor) of (24.8 & 38.6 %), respectively. On the other hand, for malignant Squamous Cell Carcinoma and pre-malignant Actinic Keratosis, the measured results show decreased DPs (dielectric constant & loss factor) accordingly by (19.4 & 18.2 %) and (19.2 & 27.9 %). The corresponding benign lesions have less than 13 % dielectric contrast compared to healthy skin across the tested band.
The significant contrasts between in-vivo healthy and cancerous skin DPs strongly suggest the viability of the microwave band for skin cancer detection.
The research finding of this study would be critical in developing a portable electromagnetic system for skin cancer detection.
本文旨在表征非黑色素瘤恶性肿瘤及其在体外/体内组织环境中的相应良性病变，以研究微波技术用于皮肤癌检测的可行性。
使用是德科技超薄型和RG405探头表征系统在1至14 GHz频段开发介电数据集。系统采集的反射数据分别使用开放-水-短路和开放-水-液体校准方法转换为介电值。此外，还研究了皮肤切除手术过程中麻醉应用对体外介电数据的影响。
观察结果表明，切除的皮肤病变的介电特性（DPs）可能无法准确代表实际组织特性，因为与切除前的情况相比，它们有显著变化（介电常数对比度 = 30.7%，损耗因子对比度 = 66.6%）。体内介电数据分析表明，与健康皮肤相比，恶性基底细胞癌的DPs（介电常数和损耗因子）分别增加了（24.8%和38.6%）。另一方面，对于恶性鳞状细胞癌和癌前光化性角化病，测量结果显示DPs（介电常数和损耗因子）相应降低了（19.4%和18.2%）以及（19.2%和27.9%）。在整个测试频段内，相应的良性病变与健康皮肤的介电对比度小于13%。
体内健康皮肤和癌性皮肤DPs之间的显著差异强烈表明微波频段用于皮肤癌检测的可行性。
本研究的研究结果对于开发用于皮肤癌检测的便携式电磁系统至关重要。
