College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Dec 1;850:158013. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158013. Epub 2022 Aug 12.
Potato production plays an important role in safeguarding food security in China since the central government implemented the 'Potato-as-Staple-Food' policy in 2015. However, a key challenge facing China's potato production is to realize a tradeoff between economic return and environmental impact. Effective strategies for reducing carbon emission without compromising potato yield remain to be developed. This study conducted a comprehensive assessment by integrating climate, soil, crop, and agricultural input data, crop model and life cycle impact assessment model to quantify potato yields, GHG emission amounts and intensities (GHGI), and economic benefits under the conventional planting pattern (CPP), the lowest GHG emission pattern (LEP), and the highest yield pattern (HYP) across China's potato planting regions including four sub-regions, i.e., North Single planting region (NS), Central Double planting region (CD), South Winter planting region (SW), and Southwest Mixed planting region (SWM). Averaged fresh potato yield, GHG emission amount, and GHGI under the CPP were 21.7 t ha, 2815.1 kg COeq ha, and 137.3 kg COeq t, respectively, in China's potato planting region. Compared with the CPP, averaged GHG emission amount and GHGI under the LEP could be decreased by 48.2 % and 51.5 % respectively while the fresh potato yield and economic benefit could be enhanced by 8.1 % and 18.5 %, respectively. For the HYP, averaged GHG emission amount and GHGI could be decreased by 24.2 % and 39.8 % respectively while the fresh potato yield and economic benefit could be enhanced by 18.7 % and 39.6 %, respectively, compared with the CPP. Across the four potato planting regions, SW had the largest potential in reducing GHG emissions owing to a high reduction amount of nitrogen application rate. Our study demonstrates that optimizing agronomic management could reduce environmental impact without compromising economic benefit and provides a scientific method for assessing crop potential to realize the climate-smart planting.
在中国，自 2015 年中央政府实施“马铃薯主粮化”政策以来，马铃薯生产对于保障粮食安全发挥了重要作用。然而，中国马铃薯生产面临的一个关键挑战是在经济回报和环境影响之间实现权衡。在不影响马铃薯产量的情况下，减少碳排放的有效策略仍然有待开发。本研究通过整合气候、土壤、作物和农业投入数据、作物模型和生命周期影响评估模型，对中国马铃薯种植区的常规种植模式（CPP）、最低温室气体排放模式（LEP）和最高产量模式（HYP）下的马铃薯产量、温室气体排放量和强度（GHGI）以及经济效益进行了综合评估，包括四个亚区，即北方单作区（NS）、中部双作区（CD）、南方冬作区（SW）和西南混作区（SWM）。中国马铃薯种植区 CPP 下的鲜马铃薯平均产量、温室气体排放量和 GHGI 分别为 21.7 t ha、2815.1 kg COeq ha 和 137.3 kg COeq t。与 CPP 相比，LEP 下的温室气体排放量和 GHGI 平均分别减少了 48.2%和 51.5%，而鲜马铃薯产量和经济效益分别提高了 8.1%和 18.5%。对于 HYP，与 CPP 相比，温室气体排放量和 GHGI 平均分别减少了 24.2%和 39.8%，而鲜马铃薯产量和经济效益分别提高了 18.7%和 39.6%。在四个马铃薯种植区中，SW 由于氮肥施用量减少幅度较大，具有最大的减排潜力。本研究表明，优化农业管理可以在不影响经济效益的情况下减少环境影响，为评估作物潜力以实现气候智能种植提供了一种科学方法。
