Pang Fa-Hu, Li Xiao-Qi, Duan Li-Yang, Chen Yan, Ji Ming-Fei, Zhang Hao, Han Hui, Chen Zhao-Jin
International Joint Laboratory of Watershed Ecological Security and Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Security for Water Source Region of Middle Route Project of South-North Water Diversion in Henan Province, School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.
School of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2022 Aug 8;43(8):4333-4341. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202110024.
Heavy metal contamination affects microbial composition and diversity. The interaction between heavy metal contamination and soil microorganisms has been a hot topic in ecological research. Battery manufacturing has been going on for over six decades in Xinxiang City, resulting in severe soil heavy metal contamination due to battery wastewater runoff. Few studies have investigated the effect of heavy metal contamination due to long-term battery wastewater runoff on microbial diversity and metabolomics in Xinxiang City. In this study, we collected samples from three heavy metal contaminated sites in Xinxiang City and found that Cd and Pb exceeded the recommended thresholds by 34-66 fold and 1.5-2.32 fold, respectively. High-throughput sequencing showed that , and were the dominant bacteria genera, while , and were the dominant fungi genera, indicating that heavy metal contaminated soil in Xinxiang City was rich in heavy metal tolerant bacteria and fungi due to the long-term heavy metal stress. Correlation analysis showed that total Cu, DTPA extract Cu, and water soluble Pb were significant factors in bacterial diversity, while total Cd, total Ni, total Pb, total Zn, DTPA extract Cu, and water soluble Pb were significant factors in fungal diversity. To better understand the effect of heavy metal contamination on the metabolism of soil microorganisms, we conducted non-targeted metabolomic profiling, which showed significant differences in metabolites across the samples. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that these differential metabolites were involved in pathways such as metabolism, environmental information processing, and genetic Information Processing, which may play a role in heavy metal stress mitigation and environmental adaptation.
重金属污染会影响微生物的组成和多样性。重金属污染与土壤微生物之间的相互作用一直是生态学研究中的热点话题。新乡市的电池制造已经持续了六十多年，电池废水径流导致了严重的土壤重金属污染。很少有研究调查新乡市长期电池废水径流造成的重金属污染对微生物多样性和代谢组学的影响。在本研究中，我们从新乡市的三个重金属污染场地采集了样本，发现镉（Cd）和铅（Pb）分别超过推荐阈值34至66倍和1.5至2.32倍。高通量测序表明，[此处原文缺失部分内容]、[此处原文缺失部分内容]和[此处原文缺失部分内容]是主要细菌属，而[此处原文缺失部分内容]、[此处原文缺失部分内容]和[此处原文缺失部分内容]是主要真菌属，这表明由于长期的重金属胁迫，新乡市受重金属污染的土壤富含耐重金属的细菌和真菌。相关性分析表明，总铜（Cu）、二乙三胺五乙酸（DTPA）提取态铜、水溶性铅是影响细菌多样性的重要因素，而总镉、总镍、总铅、总锌、DTPA提取态铜和水溶性铅是影响真菌多样性的重要因素。为了更好地理解重金属污染对土壤微生物代谢的影响，我们进行了非靶向代谢组学分析，结果显示样本间代谢物存在显著差异。通路富集分析表明，这些差异代谢物参与了代谢、环境信息处理和遗传信息处理等通路，这些通路可能在减轻重金属胁迫和环境适应中发挥作用。
