Department of Animal Breeding, INIA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, UCM, Madrid, Spain.
PLoS One. 2022 Aug 16;17(8):e0272775. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272775. eCollection 2022.
The hypothalamus is implicated in controlling feeding and adiposity, besides many other physiological functions, and thus can be of great importance in explaining productive differences between lean and fatty pig breeds. The present study aimed to evaluate the hypothalamic transcriptome of pure Iberian (IBxIB) and Large White x Iberian crossbreds (IBxLW) at 60 days-old, produced in a single maternal environment. Results showed the implication of gender and genotype in the hypothalamic transcriptome, with 51 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between genotypes and 10 DEGs between genders. Fourteen genotype by sex interactions were found, due to a higher genotype effect on transcriptome found in males. In fact, just 31 DEGs were identified when using only females but 158 using only males. A higher expression of genes related to mitochondrial activity in IBxIB male animals (ND3, ND4, ND5, UQCRC2 and ATP6) was found, which was related to a higher oxidative phosphorylation and greater reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide production. IBxLW male animals showed higher expression of SIRT3 regulator, also related to mitochondrial function. When females were analysed, such differences were not found, since only some differences in genes related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Thus, the results indicate a significant effect and interaction of the breed and the sex on the hypothalamic transcriptome at this early age.
下丘脑参与控制摄食和肥胖，以及许多其他生理功能，因此对于解释瘦肉型和脂肪型猪品种之间的生产差异具有重要意义。本研究旨在评估在单一母性环境下生长的 60 日龄纯伊比利亚（IBxIB）和长白猪与伊比利亚杂交（IBxLW）猪的下丘脑转录组。结果表明，性别和基因型对下丘脑转录组有影响，基因型之间有 51 个差异表达基因（DEGs），性别之间有 10 个 DEGs。发现了 14 个基因型与性别之间的相互作用，这是由于雄性中基因型对转录组的影响更高。实际上，仅使用雌性就可以鉴定出 31 个 DEGs，但仅使用雄性则可以鉴定出 158 个 DEGs。IBxIB 雄性动物中与线粒体活性相关的基因（ND3、ND4、ND5、UQCRC2 和 ATP6）表达较高，这与更高的氧化磷酸化以及更多的活性氧和一氧化氮产生有关。IBxLW 雄性动物中 SIRT3 调节剂的表达较高，也与线粒体功能有关。当分析雌性时，由于与三羧酸循环相关的基因存在一些差异，因此未发现此类差异。因此，这些结果表明在这个早期年龄，品种和性别对下丘脑转录组有显著的影响和相互作用。
