Albuquerque André, Óvilo Cristina, Núñez Yolanda, Benítez Rita, López-Garcia Adrián, García Fabián, Félix Maria do Rosário, Laranjo Marta, Charneca Rui, Martins José Manuel
MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada & Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal.
Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Genes (Basel). 2020 Apr 15;11(4):422. doi: 10.3390/genes11040422.
When compared to modern lean-type breeds, Portuguese local Alentejano (AL) and Bísaro (BI) pig breeds present a high potential for subcutaneous and intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition which contributes for better meat quality. The aim of this work was to explore the genome function to better understand the underlying physiological mechanisms associated with body fat accretion. Dorsal subcutaneous fat samples were collected at slaughter from adult animals ( = 4 for each breed) with ~150 kg body weight. Total RNA was obtained and sequenced for transcriptome analysis using DESeq2. A total of 458 differentially expressed (DE) genes (q-value < 0.05) were identified, with 263 overexpressed in AL and 195 in BI. Key genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation and desaturation were upregulated in AL such as , , , and . A functional enrichment analysis of the DE genes was performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Cholesterol synthesis is suggested to be higher in AL via SREBF2, SCAP and PPARG, while lipolytic activity may be more active in BI through GH and AMPK signalling. Increased signalling of CD40 together with the predicted activation of INSIG1 and INSIG2 in BI suggests that this breed is more sensitive to insulin whereas the AL is less sensitive like the Iberian breed.
与现代瘦肉型品种相比，葡萄牙本地的阿连特茹（AL）猪和比沙罗（BI）猪品种具有较高的皮下和肌内脂肪（IMF）沉积潜力，这有助于提高肉质。这项工作的目的是探索基因组功能，以更好地理解与体脂积累相关的潜在生理机制。在屠宰时从体重约150公斤的成年动物（每个品种n = 4）采集背部皮下脂肪样本。提取总RNA并使用DESeq2进行转录组测序分析。共鉴定出458个差异表达（DE）基因（q值<0.05），其中263个在AL中过表达，195个在BI中过表达。参与脂肪酸生物合成、延长和去饱和的关键基因在AL中上调，如 、 、 、 和 。使用Ingenuity Pathway Analysis对DE基因进行功能富集分析。通过SREBF2、SCAP和PPARG表明AL中的胆固醇合成较高，而通过GH和AMPK信号传导，BI中的脂解活性可能更活跃。BI中CD40信号增加以及INSIG1和INSIG2的预测激活表明该品种对胰岛素更敏感，而AL则像伊比利亚品种一样不太敏感。
