Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.
Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Magn Reson Imaging. 2022 Nov;93:135-144. doi: 10.1016/j.mri.2022.08.009. Epub 2022 Aug 13.
To find magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) precursors of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP).
SHRSP rats were used with both a low/high salt (n = 18 or 11) Japanese diet and salty drinking water to generate spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Various MRI sequences, and in particular, susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI), were used and combined with a gadolinium (Gd) contrast agent or oxygen gas to identify the rupture of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and the temporal ICH.
Most rats developed hypertensive ICH stroke in the high salt group during the 10-13 week period compared to only one third of rats in the low salt group during the 14-18 week period. The location of stroke for both the low/high-salt groups was highest in the striatum (58%/43%), followed by the cortex (21%/30%). The edematous enhancement on T2 weighted (T2W) imaging or Gd based T1 weighted (Gd-T1W) imaging due to the ruptured BBB preceded the striatal hemorrhages seen on SWI. The most recent bleeds were observed on temporal SWI or on oxygen-enhanced SWI. The mode of the volume of bleeds was 0.4 mm. A positive correlation between susceptibility x volume and R2* x volume of the bleeds was observed.
SHRSP rats with the high salt diet effectively generated a hypertensive hemorrhagic stroke which could be monitored by various MRI sequences. The venous dilation on SWI may precede any abnormality on T2W or Gd-T1W imaging. The edematous enhancement on T2W or Gd-T1W indicated a BBB breakdown that may precede striatal ICH by several days. This suggests the need for immediate treatment to improve outcome if this finding is observed. The use of oxygen with SWI was able to help differentiate old bleeds from very recent bleeds.
在易发生自发性脑出血的自发性高血压大鼠（SHRSP）中寻找磁共振成像（MRI）自发性脑出血的前兆。
使用易发生自发性脑出血的 SHRSP 大鼠，给予低盐/高盐（n=18 或 11）日本饮食和含盐饮用水，以产生自发性脑出血（ICH）。使用各种 MRI 序列，特别是磁敏感加权成像（SWI），并结合钆（Gd）造影剂或氧气，以识别血脑屏障（BBB）的破裂和短暂性 ICH。
与低盐组中三分之一的大鼠相比，在 10-13 周期间，高盐组的大多数大鼠在高血压性 ICH 中风中发展。低/高盐组的中风部位均以纹状体最高（58%/43%），其次是皮质（21%/30%）。由于 BBB 破裂，T2 加权（T2W）成像或基于 Gd 的 T1 加权（Gd-T1W）成像上的水肿增强先于 SWI 上观察到的纹状体出血。在最近的 TEMP 序列 SWI 或氧增强 SWI 上观察到最近的出血。出血体积的模式为 0.4mm。观察到出血的磁化率 x 体积与 R2* x 体积之间存在正相关。
高盐饮食的 SHRSP 大鼠有效地产生了高血压性出血性中风，可以通过各种 MRI 序列进行监测。SWI 上的静脉扩张可能早于 T2W 或 Gd-T1W 成像上的任何异常。T2W 或 Gd-T1W 上的水肿增强表明 BBB 破裂，可能比纹状体 ICH 提前数天。如果观察到这种发现，建议立即进行治疗以改善预后。SWI 结合氧气的使用能够帮助区分陈旧性出血和最近的出血。
