Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York.
Department of Pediatrics, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York.
Am J Perinatol. 2024 May;41(S 01):e584-e593. doi: 10.1055/a-1925-1347. Epub 2022 Aug 16.
This study aimed to determine whether the lockdown period of the initial novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) surge in New York affected gestational weight gain (GWG), newborn birth weight (BW), and the frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Maternal and newborn outcomes during the first wave of the pandemic were compared with those during the same timeframe in the previous 2 years.
Retrospective cross-sectional study of all live singleton term deliveries from April 1 to July 31 between 2018 and 2020 at seven hospitals within a large academic health system in New York. Patients were excluded for missing data on: BW, GWG, prepregnancy body mass index, and gestational age at delivery. We compared GWG, GDM, and BW during the pandemic period (April-July 2020) with the same months in 2018 and 2019 (prepandemic) to account for seasonality. Linear regression was used to model the continuous outcomes of GWG and BW. Logistic regression was used to model the binary outcome of GDM.
A total of 20,548 patients were included in the study: 6,672 delivered during the pandemic period and 13,876 delivered during the prepandemic period. On regression analysis, after adjustment for study epoch and patient characteristics, the pandemic period was associated with lower GWG ( = -0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.87 to -0.05), more GDM (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.10-1.39), and no change in newborn BW ( = 0.03, 95% CI: -11.7 to 11.8) compared with the referent period. The largest increases in GDM between the two study epochs were noted in patients who identified as Hispanic (8.6 vs. 6.0%; < 0.005) and multiracial/other (11.8 vs. 7.0%; < 0.001).
The lockdown period of the pandemic was associated with a decrease in GWG and increase in GDM. Not all groups were affected equally. Hispanic and multiracial patients experienced a larger percentage change in GDM compared with non-Hispanic white patients.
· The COVID-19 lockdown was associated with decreased GWG and increased GDM.. · No change in newborn BW was seen during the lockdown.. · Overall, the lockdown did not have a large clinical effect on these pregnancy outcomes..
本研究旨在确定纽约首例新型冠状病毒病 2019（COVID-19）疫情封锁期间是否影响了妊娠体重增加（GWG）、新生儿出生体重（BW）和妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的发生率。将大流行期间的母婴结局与前 2 年同期进行比较。
这是一项对纽约一家大型学术医疗系统内 7 家医院 2018 年至 2020 年 4 月 1 日至 7 月 31 日期间所有单胎足月分娩的回顾性横断面研究。对于 BW、GWG、孕前体重指数和分娩时的孕龄缺失数据的患者予以排除。我们将大流行期间（2020 年 4 月至 7 月）与 2018 年和 2019 年同期（大流行前）的 GWG、GDM 和 BW 进行比较，以考虑季节性因素。线性回归用于对 GWG 和 BW 的连续结局进行建模。逻辑回归用于对 GDM 的二项结局进行建模。
共有 20548 名患者纳入研究：2020 年大流行期间分娩 6672 例，大流行前分娩 13876 例。回归分析显示，在调整研究时段和患者特征后，与参照期相比，大流行期 GWG 较低（ = -0.46，95%置信区间[CI]：-0.87 至 -0.05）、GDM 更多（校正比值比[aOR] = 1.24，95%CI：1.10-1.39），新生儿 BW 无变化（ = 0.03，95%CI：-11.7 至 11.8）。两个研究时段之间 GDM 发生率的最大增加见于西班牙裔（8.6%比 6.0%； < 0.005）和多种族/其他（11.8%比 7.0%； < 0.001）患者。
大流行期间的封锁与 GWG 减少和 GDM 增加有关。并非所有人群都受到同等影响。与非西班牙裔白人患者相比，西班牙裔和多种族患者的 GDM 百分比变化更大。
· COVID-19 封锁与 GWG 减少和 GDM 增加有关。· 封锁期间新生儿 BW 无变化。· 总体而言，封锁对这些妊娠结局没有产生重大临床影响。
