Shanmugam Harshitha, Di Ciaula Agostino, Di Palo Domenica Maria, Molina-Molina Emilio, Garruti Gabriella, Faienza Maria Felicia, vanErpecum Karel, Portincasa Piero
Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
Section of Endocrinology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy.
Eur J Clin Invest. 2021 Jul;51(7):e13597. doi: 10.1111/eci.13597. Epub 2021 May 25.
Social containment measures imposed in Europe during the lockdown to face COVID-19 pandemic can generate long-term potential threats for metabolic health.
A cohort of 494 non-COVID-19 subjects living in 21 EU countries were interviewed by an anonymous questionnaire exploring anthropometric and lifestyle changes during 1-month lockdown. A subgroup of 41 overweight/obese Italian subjects with previously diagnosed nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) joined the study following a 12-month follow-up period promoting weight loss by healthy lifestyle.
During the lockdown, body weight increased in 55% of subjects (average 2.4 ± 0.9 kg). Weight change increased with age, but not baseline body mass index. Subjects living in Italy had greater weight gain than those living in other European Countries. Weight gain during the lockdown was highest in subjects reporting no physical activity, and low adherence to Mediterranean diet. In the NAFLD group, weight gain occurred in 70% of cases. Subjects reporting weight loss during lockdown had decreased fatty liver score at 3 months before the lockdown, as compared with 1 year before.
Strict measures of social containment-even short-term-pave the way to the increased risk of metabolic abnormalities in the medium-long term. In this context, adherence to Mediterranean diet and regular physical activity play a protective role both in terms of weight gain and fatty liver development/progression, with implication for primary and secondary prevention. When adopting measures imposing social containment, intensive educational campaigns must increase public awareness about beneficial effects of healthy lifestyles.
欧洲在封锁期间为应对新冠疫情而实施的社会隔离措施可能对代谢健康产生长期潜在威胁。
通过一份匿名问卷对居住在21个欧盟国家的494名非新冠受试者进行了调查，该问卷探讨了为期1个月的封锁期间人体测量和生活方式的变化。41名先前被诊断为非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）的超重/肥胖意大利受试者组成的亚组在经过12个月的通过健康生活方式促进体重减轻的随访期后加入了该研究。
在封锁期间，55%的受试者体重增加（平均增加2.4±0.9千克）。体重变化随年龄增加，但与基线体重指数无关。居住在意大利的受试者体重增加幅度大于其他欧洲国家的受试者。在封锁期间，报告无体育活动且对地中海饮食依从性低的受试者体重增加最多。在NAFLD组中，70%的病例出现体重增加。与封锁前1年相比，报告在封锁期间体重减轻的受试者在封锁前3个月时脂肪肝评分有所下降。
严格的社会隔离措施——即使是短期的——也为中长期代谢异常风险增加铺平了道路。在这种情况下，坚持地中海饮食和定期体育活动在体重增加和脂肪肝发展/进展方面均发挥保护作用，对一级和二级预防具有重要意义。在采取社会隔离措施时，强化教育活动必须提高公众对健康生活方式有益影响的认识。
