de Freitas Tereza Brenda Clementino, Belo Rafaella Cristina Tavares, Siebra Sabrina Mércia Dos Santos, Medeiros André de Macêdo, de Brito Teresinha Silva, Carrillo Sonia Elizabeth Lopez, do Nascimento Israel Junior Borges, Sakamoto Sidnei Miyoshi, de Moraes Maiara
Department of Health Sciences, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Nepal J Epidemiol. 2022 Jun 30;12(2):1182-1202. doi: 10.3126/nje.v12i2.43838. eCollection 2022 Jun.
To provide a synthesis of diverse evidence on the impact of the non-therapeutic preventive measures, specifically quarantine, physical distancing and social isolation, on the control of COVID-19. A scoping review conducted in the PubMed, Embase, LILACS, CENTRAL and SCOPUS databases between 2019 and August 28th, 2020. The descriptors used were the following: "quarantine", "physical distancing", "social isolation", "COVID-19" and "SARS-Cov2". Studies that addressed the non-therapeutic preventive measures in people exposed to SARs-CoV-2 in community settings and health services were included. A total of 14,442 records identified through a database search were reduced to 346 studies and, after a standardized selection process, a total of 68 articles were selected for analysis. A total of 35 descriptive, cross-sectional or longitudinal observational studies were identified, as well as 3 reviews, in addition to 30 studies with mathematical modeling. The main intervention assessed was social distancing (56.6%), followed by lockdown (25.0%) and quarantine (18.4%). The main evidence analyzed points to the need for rapid responses to reduce the number of infections, deaths and hospital admissions, especially in intensive care unit beds.The current review revealed consistent reports that the quarantine, physical distancing and social isolation are effective strategies to contain spread of the new coronavirus.
综合关于非治疗性预防措施，特别是隔离、物理距离和社交隔离对控制2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）影响的各种证据。于2019年至2020年8月28日在PubMed、Embase、LILACS、CENTRAL和SCOPUS数据库中进行了一项范围综述。使用的描述词如下：“隔离”、“物理距离”、“社交隔离”、“COVID-19”和“SARS-CoV-2”。纳入了在社区环境和卫生服务中针对接触严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）人群的非治疗性预防措施的研究。通过数据库检索确定的14442条记录减少到346项研究，经过标准化筛选过程后，共选择68篇文章进行分析。共确定了35项描述性、横断面或纵向观察性研究，以及3篇综述，此外还有30项数学建模研究。评估的主要干预措施是社交距离（56.6%），其次是封锁（25.0%）和隔离（18.4%）。分析的主要证据表明需要迅速做出反应以减少感染、死亡和住院人数，尤其是重症监护病房床位的占用情况。当前的综述显示一致的报告称，隔离、物理距离和社交隔离是遏制新型冠状病毒传播的有效策略。
