Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy.
Proc Nutr Soc. 2023 Feb;82(1):32-38. doi: 10.1017/S0029665122002658. Epub 2022 Aug 19.
Selenium is found at the active centre of twenty-five selenoproteins which have a variety of roles, including the well-characterised function of antioxidant defense, but it also is claimed to be involved in the immune system. However, due to limited and conflicting data for different parameters of immune function, intakes of selenium that have an influence on immune function are uncertain. This review covers the relationship between selenium and immune function in man, focusing on the highest level of evidence, namely that generated by randomised controlled trials (RCT), in which the effect of selective administration of selenium, in foods or a supplement, on immune function was assessed. A total of nine RCT were identified from a systematic search of the literature, and some of these trials reported effects on T and natural killer cells, which were dependent on the dose and form of selenium administered, but little effect of selenium on humoral immunity. There is clearly a need to undertake dose-response analysis of cellular immunity data in order to derive quantitative relationships between selenium intake and measures of immune function. Overall, limited effects on immunity emerged from experimental studies in human subjects, though additional investigation on the potential influence of selenium status on cellular immunity appears to be warranted.
硒存在于 25 种硒蛋白的活性中心，这些蛋白具有多种功能，包括抗氧化防御的明确功能，但也有人声称它与免疫系统有关。然而，由于不同免疫功能参数的有限和相互矛盾的数据，对具有免疫功能影响的硒摄入量仍不确定。本综述涵盖了人类硒与免疫功能的关系，重点是最高水平的证据，即随机对照试验（RCT）所产生的证据，其中评估了选择性给予食物或补充剂中的硒对免疫功能的影响。通过对文献的系统搜索，共确定了 9 项 RCT，其中一些试验报告了对 T 细胞和自然杀伤细胞的影响，这些影响取决于给予的硒的剂量和形式，但对体液免疫的影响很小。显然需要对细胞免疫数据进行剂量反应分析，以便得出硒摄入量与免疫功能衡量标准之间的定量关系。总的来说，从人体实验研究中得出的免疫影响有限，尽管似乎有必要进一步研究硒状态对细胞免疫的潜在影响。
