Dalia A M, Loh T C, Sazili A Q, Jahromi M F, Samsudin A A
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Production, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
BMC Vet Res. 2017 Aug 18;13(1):254. doi: 10.1186/s12917-017-1159-4.
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace mineral in broilers, which has several important roles in biological processes. Organic forms of Se are more efficient than inorganic forms and can be produced biologically via Se microbial reduction. Hence, the possibility of using Se-enriched bacteria as feed supplement may provide an interesting source of organic Se, and benefit broiler antioxidant system and other biological processes. The objective of this study was to examine the impacts of inorganic Se and different bacterial organic Se sources on the performance, serum and tissues Se status, antioxidant capacity, and liver mRNA expression of selenoproteins in broilers.
Results indicated that different Se sources did not significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affect broiler growth performance. However, bacterial organic Se of T5 (basal diet +0.3 mg /kg feed ADS18 Se), T4 (basal diet +0.3 mg /kg feed ADS2 Se), and T3 (basal diet +0.3 mg /kg feed ADS1 Se) exhibited significantly (P ≤ 0.05) highest Se concentration in serum, liver, and kidney respectively. Dietary inorganic Se and bacterial organic Se were observed to significantly affect broiler serum ALT, AST, LDH activities and serum creatinine level. ADS18 supplemented Se of (Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) bacterial strain showed the highest GSH-Px activity with the lowest MDA content in serum, and the highest GSH-Px and catalase activity in the kidney, while bacterial Se of ADS2 (Klebsiella pneumoniae) resulted in a higher level of GSH-Px1 and catalase in liver. Moreover, our study showed that in comparison with sodium selenite, only ADS18 bacterial Se showed a significantly higher mRNA level in GSH-Px1, GSH-Px4, DIO1, and TXNDR1, while both ADS18 and ADS2 showed high level of mRNA of DIO2 compared to sodium selenite.
The supplementation of bacterial organic Se in broiler chicken, improved tissue Se deposition, antioxidant status, and selenoproteins gene expression, and can be considered as an effective alternative source of Se in broiler chickens.
硒（Se）是肉鸡必需的微量矿物质，在生物过程中具有多种重要作用。有机形式的硒比无机形式更有效，并且可以通过硒的微生物还原生物合成。因此，使用富硒细菌作为饲料添加剂的可能性可能提供一种有趣的有机硒来源，并有益于肉鸡抗氧化系统和其他生物过程。本研究的目的是研究无机硒和不同细菌有机硒源对肉鸡生产性能、血清和组织硒状态、抗氧化能力以及肝脏硒蛋白mRNA表达的影响。
结果表明，不同硒源对肉鸡生长性能没有显著（P≤0.05）影响。然而，T5（基础日粮+0.3 mg/kg饲料ADS18硒）、T4（基础日粮+0.3 mg/kg饲料ADS2硒）和T3（基础日粮+0.3 mg/kg饲料ADS1硒）的细菌有机硒分别在血清、肝脏和肾脏中表现出显著（P≤0.05）最高的硒浓度。观察到日粮中的无机硒和细菌有机硒显著影响肉鸡血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性和血清肌酐水平。添加嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌菌株的ADS18硒在血清中表现出最高的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性和最低的丙二醛（MDA）含量，在肾脏中表现出最高的GSH-Px和过氧化氢酶活性；而ADS2（肺炎克雷伯菌）的细菌硒导致肝脏中GSH-Px1和过氧化氢酶水平较高。此外，我们的研究表明，与亚硒酸钠相比，只有ADS18细菌硒在谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶1（GSH-Px1）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4（GSH-Px4）、碘甲状腺原氨酸脱碘酶1（DIO1）和硫氧还蛋白还原酶1（TXNDR1）中表现出显著更高的mRNA水平，而与亚硒酸钠相比，ADS18和ADS2在碘甲状腺原氨酸脱碘酶2（DIO2）中均表现出高水平的mRNA。
在肉鸡日粮中添加细菌有机硒可改善组织硒沉积、抗氧化状态和硒蛋白基因表达，可被视为肉鸡硒的有效替代来源。
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